Page 49 - CCFA Journal - Second Issue

加中金融

4. 金融业风险管理数字化的特征 技术、市场的快速变化，风险与创新的矛盾，企业必须开
始思考具有数字化思维，兼具风险控制和鼓励创新的数字
金融行业的大变革正在其中酝酿，金融业态可能会从“互 风险管控模式。
联网+”跳跃式迈向“AI+”，将在防范和应对金融风险方 4. The DRM in the financial industry
面起到重要作用。未来金融企业风险管理必然与人工智能、
区块链、云计算、大数据、物联网、5G 等科技因素的快速 The big changes in the financial industry are brewing, and the
发展演进深度融合，进入一个“自动、实时、精准、敏捷” financial industry may jump from "Internet plus" to "AI plus",
的全新阶段。 which will play an important role in preventing and responding
to financial risks. The future financial enterprise RM is bound
to integrate with AI, blockchain, cloud computing, big data,
自动是指借助大数据、人工智能等科技手段，搭建系统化、 Internet of Things, 5G and other technological factors, and enter
自动化管理工具体系，自动收集数据信息，自动识别、评 a new stage of "automatic, real-time, accurate and agile".
估、计量、监测、应对风险，实现风险管理全流程的自动
高效智能运转。 Automatic refers to the use of big data, AI, and other tools, set
up a systematic, automated management tool system, collection
实时是指借助大数据、物联网、云计算等科技手段，实现 of data, identification, evaluation, measurement, monitoring,
对风险信息快速捕捉，实时响应、分析、应对风险，避免 response to risks.
出现风险管控缺位或滞后。 Real-time refers to the use of big data, Internet of Things, cloud
computing and other tools to achieve rapid capture of risk
精准是指借助区块链、大数据、人工智能等科技手段，通 information, real-time response, analysis, response to risk.
过优选机器学习算法、进行交叉验证、强化模型监控等途
径，精准识别、计量、排序风险，使风险决策、应对更加 Precision refers to the use of blockchain, big data, artificial
准确有效。 intelligence and other tools, through the preferred ML
algorithm, cross-validation, enhanced model monitoring and
敏捷是指借助人工智能等科技手段，实现风险管理体系自 other ways, accurate identification, measurement, ranking of
身能主动学习、自我快速迭代，不断进行高效的短周期的 risks.
改进、提高和调整，使得风险感知、风险计量、风险应对 Agile refers to the use of artificial intelligence and other tools,
等能力不断自我完善。 to achieve the risk management system itself can actively learn,
self-rapid iteration, and constantly carry out efficient short-
总体来说，这四大特征是全面风险管理不断增强科技属性 cycle improvement, improvement and adjustment.
而带来的工作质效提升的具体表现。

5. 风险管理数字化面临新的风险挑战 5. DRM faces new risk challenges

科技的创新发展，一方面将在未来为企业赋予新功能并注 The innovation and development of new technology, on the one
入无以替代的发展新动力，另一方面也正在为企业带来众 hand, will give enterprises new functions and inject new
多极具挑战的新风险。 impetus for the development of irreplaceable, on the other hand,
it is also bringing many new risks to enterprises.
一是新技术发展不成熟的风险。譬如以深度学习为代表的 First, the risk of immature technologies. For example, AI
AI 技术，其模型很可能隐藏着“偏好”风险、缺陷风险， technology, represented by DL, is likely to have models that
甚至可能有把“错误当真理训练”的风险，或存在易被扰 hide "preference" risks, defect risks, or even the risk of "training
动的风险，以及由于 AI 尚不具备理解能力所以无法自主 as truth", or the risk of being disturbed, as well as the ability of
解决新问题的能力孤岛风险。 AI to solve new problems on its own because AI does not yet
have the ability to understand them.
二是新科技会带来法律风险、伦理风险的挑战。未来世界
里，将存在人与人、人与机器、机器与机器之间等多种关 Second, new technology will bring legal and ethical risks. There
系形态，其交互是基于智能合约的，一旦产生风险，如何 will be many forms of relationship between people, people and
从法律上界定责任主体，将在未来新科技环境下成为一个 machines, machines and machines, and their interaction is
重要的问题。而深度学习等技术如同黑盒子般的不可解释 based on intelligent contracts. How to define the subject of
性，更是增加了责任主体界定的难度。 responsibility from the law will become an important issue.
Third, the risk of excessive collection or improper use of
三是客户信息和交易数据的过度采集或不当使用风险。一 customer information and transaction data. Hackers are also a
些互联网企业掌握了海量的用户数据，一旦管理不善，将 threat to steal user data by dragging, washing, crashing, and so
导致用户数据暴露在危险中。在大数据时代面临的挑战越 on.
来越大。黑客通过拖库、洗库、撞库等方式，窃取用户数
据，也是一大威胁。 Fourth, with the development of DRM, the scope of RM is
expanding. In its latest Global Risk Report (2019), the World
Economic Forum (WEF) also explicitly mentioned digital risks
四是随着风险管理数字化的发展，风险管理的范围在随之 such as cyberattacks, negative impacts of technological
扩大。世界经济论坛 (WEF) 在其最新发布《全球风险报告 advances, data fraud or theft, and failure of critical information
(2019) 》中，也明确提及了诸如网络攻击、技术进步的 infrastructure. RM extends horizontally to a full range of DRM,
负面影响、数据欺诈或窃取、关键信息基础设施故障等数 covers risks of not only security, compliance, but also digital
字风险，数字风险已经成为全球风险的重要组成部分。风 strategy, IT governance, digital business process, digital
险管理范围从横向上，扩展到全方位的数字风险管理，不 business data, customer experience, etc.; With the rapid
仅仅是安全风险、合规风险，还应包括数字战略风险、IT changes in technology and market, and the contradiction
治理风险、数字业务流程风险、数字业务数据风险，客户 between risk and innovation, enterprises must begin to think
体验风险等；纵向上，设计新业务时，要同步规划、同步 about digital thinking, both risk control and encouraging
设计和同步运营内嵌必要的安全措施，以控制数字风险。 innovative digital risk control models.

6. 加快推进风险管理数字化的建议 （1）建设风险大数据平台

CCFA JOURNAL OF FINANCE DECEMBER 2020
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