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a lot of new members is the commonly    to a pragmatic idealism as well as to                 KAMMI generally support the concept    KAMMI activists on several campuses
                                   held Ramadan on Campus (Ramadan di      provide an alternative solution to the                of Sharia, but they do not know exactly   in Yogyakarta do not frontally reject the
                                   Kampus, RDC).                           social problems will be more attractive to            how the application of Sharia in everyday   concept of democracy, but they tend to

                                   To maintain consistent propaganda as    students.                                             life. So far the campus Islamic movement   say that it is okay as far as it does not
                                   well as to raise members, some campus   Besides, normative-cognitive aspects                  activists would rather understand the   contrary to Islam. Several other activists
                                   Islamic movements use varieties of      are also significant in the member                    Sharia as taken for granted, because   believe that through democracy the
                                   media. Most organizations hold activities   recruitment. Based on surveys in some             from the beginning they understood     Sharia and Islamic caliphate can still be
                                   such as study clubs, publishing weekly   campus Islamic movements, students                   Islam as a complete religion. For them,   realized.
                                   bulletins, or using information media and   are more interested in getting involved           Sharia means the formalization of Islamic   The HMI activists, PMII, and IMM are
                                   technologies such as SMS or Facebook    into the Islamic movements not only                   law. Some movements want to spread     very diverse in understanding the various
                                   for member gathering. In additions, some   to deepen their religious knowledge,               Sharia within campuses, although they   concepts above. Although some activists
                                   of the movements use also internet blogs   but also for capacity building as for the          do not explain what they mean by the   expressed support for the concept of
                                   and websites as the propagation media   formation of their character, discover                concept.                               Sharia and Islamic caliphate, in general
                                   and the interconnecting forum among the   their-own potential, as well as the                 In line with the Sharia, the concept of   theyareless agreed with the concepts
                                   members.                                process of maturity. The above aspects                Islamic caliphate is also not clearly   that they think are still unclear and not
                                   It should be emphasized that the        are carefully discerned by various                    understood by some campus Islamic      applicable. In line with other movement
                                   member recruitment and the movement     campus Islamic movements, so that they                movements. Although some LDK and       activists, activists of HMI, PMII, and IMM
                                   strategy are closely related to how the   become an alternative organization for              KAMMI activists support this idea, they   generally do not reject Western concepts
                                   Islamic movement could gain victory over   students.                                          do not quite have a clear idea of the   such as democracy and pluralism. So
                                   the “wars” against varieties of opinion                                                       concept of how the roadmap towards     far, students tend to see democracy and
                                   voiced by other Islamic movements. In   4) Central Issues of Struggle                         the Islamic caliphate would be achieved.   pluralism as political and social concepts
                                   social movements, the process is known   Campus Islamic movements cannot                      They understand that this concept is   that are neutral and less ideological or
                                   to be framing. The framing process can   be released from any contemporary                    good only because of their normative   opposing the Islamic ideology.
                                   be done in varieties of media, both in the   issues when Islam confronts modernity.           understanding of Islam.
                                   discussion rooms, pamphlets, tabloids,   Among the issues to be discussed in                  The concept of democracy and pluralism   5) A Campus Base Movement
                                   or in informal forums. 54               this subchapter are the Sharia, Islamic               is actually not much different from    The Islamic movement is rampant as this
                                                                           caliphate, democracy, and pluralism.
                                   Social problems closely related to                                                            the concept of Sharia and the Islamic   develops not only by the general public
                                   students such as social injustice,      Although the Sharia has been much                     caliphate. Although this concept is a   but also among the campus students.
                                   corruption, law enforcement, and human   discussed since the  era of Reformation,             Western product of thought, the students   Islam had spread widely in Indonesia
                                   rights abuse are significant issues     but the concept was apparently not                    are often listened to this concept, the   since the 13  century or even earlier.
                                                                                                                                                                                   th
                                   in the propagation strategy. Campus     understood well by students, including                resistance to this concept is not strong   Islam had already experienced a pattern
                                   Islamic movements that are belonged     campus activist movements. LDK and                    enough. The majority of LDK and        of acculturation, which is called the



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