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LITERASI DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS
The following text are for questions changes that caused Aedes aegypti, the
31 to 34. mosquito that transmits the dengue
Although genetic mutation in virus, to proliferate. The stage is now
bacteria and viruses can lead to epidemics, set in the United States for a dengue
some epidemics are caused by bacteria epidemic because of the inadvertent
and viruses that have undergone no introduction and wide dissemination
significant genetic change. Analyzing of another mosquito, Aedes albopictus.
the latter, scientists have discovered
the importance of social and ecological 31. (LEVEL II)
factors in epidemics. Poliomyelitis, for The passage deals with the topic
example, emerged as an epidemic in the on ....
United States in the twentieth century; by A. genetic mutation of organisms
then, modern sanitation was able to delay B. socio-economic factors that
exposure to polio until adolescence or lead to epidemics
adulthood, at which time polio infection C. the causes of epidemic of
produced paralysis. Previously, infection diseases
had occurred during infancy, when it D. Lyme disease
typically provided lifelong immunity E. poliomyelitis
without paralysis. 32. (LEVEL II)
Thus, the hygiene that helped According to the passage, the
prevent typhoid epidemics indirectly outbreak of dengue hemorrhagic
fostered a paralytic polio epidemic. fever in the 1950s occurred for
Another example is Lyme disease, which of the following reasons?
which is caused by bacteria that are A. The mosquito Aedes aegypti
transmitted by deer ticks. It occurred was newly introduced into Asia.
only sporadically during the late B. The mosquito Aedes aegypti
nineteenth century but has recently became more numerous.
become prevalent in parts of the United C. The mosquito Aedes albopictus
States, largely due to an increase in became infected with the
the deer population that occurred dengue virus.
simultaneously with the growth of D. Individuals who would normally
the suburbs and increased outdoor acquire immunity to the dengue
recreational activities in the deer’s virus as infants were not infected
habitat. until later in life.
E. More people began to visit
Similarly, an outbreak of dengue and inhabit areas in which
hemorrhagic fever became an epidemic mosquitoes live and breed.
in Asia in the 1950s because of ecological
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