Page 120 - phytochemistry I - PharmD Clinical

as a nonselective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and
COX-2). This blocks inflammatory PGs. Typical doses range
from 120 to 240 mg of salicin daily.
• Used to treat musculoskeletal pain disorders with or
without combination.
• Used for centuries to relieve pain without affecting the
gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa or blood clotting as seen with
aspirin.
• Salicin potentially reduces platelet aggregation which lowers
the risk of blood clots, heart attack and stroke. However,
platelets are essential for sealing wounds and prevention of
bleeding, by sticking together in case of injury. Only very high
or low blood platelets can cause problems.

Salicylic acid
• Used for the treatment of rheumatic fever, gout, and as an
antipyretic.
• Helpful in treatment of rheumatic fever and pericarditis due to
its anti-inflammatory properties thereby preventing
hypertrophy and damage of the cardiac muscle.
• Reduces the risk of myocardial infarction.
• Lowers the risk of death and further tissue damage, after heart
attack has already occurred.

Adverse effects of salicylates:

• It occurs through inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.
• Salicylates inhibit oxidative phosphorylation and Krebs cycle

enzymes.
• Gastrointestinal effects of salicylic acid is difficult to tolerate for more

than short periods of time.
This prompted the synthesis of acetylsalicylic acid which is marketed as
aspirin.

Precautions:

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