Page 266 - Edición N° 30

place of arbitration). How can a court before which would be an incentive to flout it. However, «
such an "award"is presenteddeclare itenforceable? if the award is rendered in Switzerland but Z Z E
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Ex ni hilo nihii fit. This legal impossibility appears to enforcement is refused in France, where the SS55535» M-+-
exist in any case under the New York Convention, award debtor has property, the French judg-
since itexplicitly refers in Ardele V(i)(e)to the appli- ment should have no effect outside of France, OQ
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cable arbitration law.'Manycourts have conñrmed even ifit explicitly bases itselfon a ground of
AUTOR
this interpretation ofthe New York Convention"50. nullity which would have nullified the award NACIONAL
every where had it been rendered in a primary
El mismo Van den Berg agrega que: jurisdiction. The award creditor may still seek
enforcement in any other jurisdiction which
"The disregard o f annulment o f the award is party to the Convention. The criticaI diffe­
(...) involves basic legal concepts. When an rence between primary and secondary fora,
award has been annulled in the country of then, is the radias ofeffeets oftheir respective
origin, it has become non-existent in that decisions. As opposed to the nullification
country. The fact that the award has been o f the hypothetical award in Switzerland, ro
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annulled implies that the award was legally which should have universal effect, a putative —I
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rooted in the arbitration law of the country nullification in France should have no effect TJ
o f origin. How then is it possible that courts beyond France".52 TJ
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in another country can consider the same T 3
award as still valid? Perhaps some theories Sin embargo debemos ser conscientes de los CD
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of legal philosophy may provide an answer serios problemas que puede ocasionar para la c
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to this question, but for a legal practitioner comunidad internacional que siempre la deci­
this phenomenon is inexplicable. Itseems that sión de anulación tenga efectos erga omnes. "O
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only an international treaty can give a special O
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legal status to an award notwithstanding its En efecto, por ejemplo: ¿Se debe denegar el u
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annulment in the country o f origin".5' reconocimiento de un laudo que fue anulado O
por un Poder Judicial corrupto? CD
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Incluso Reisman, un acertado comentarista, "O
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indica que: La Convención de Nueva York ante todo tiene 3
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como finalidad incentivar el comercio interna­ ro
"Once a venue (or a governing law) is selected, cional y hacer predecible la ejecución de laudos
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the Convention assigns to these jurisdictions dictados en un Estado distinto del que se pre­ T5
a primacy with regard to the validity of the tende el reconocimiento. ¿Decisiones arbitrarias, i/i O
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ultímate award. If an award is rendered, let corruptas, inmotivadas que anulan laudos deben £
us say, in Switzerland and is nullified under merecer el reconocimiento de la comunidad D
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Swiss law, it is not supposed to be enforced internacional o deben ser reprochadas? O
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in any other jurisdiction. Otherwise, there ro
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would be no difference between primary and A pesar que los redactores de la Convención ro
secondaryfora;and, instead offinality, there de Nueva York contemplaron que la decisión t5
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por SAMPLINER, Gary H., "Enforcement of Nullified Foreign Arbitral Awards - Chromalloy Revisited". En: Journal of
International Arbitration. Vol. 14. N° 3. Kluwer Law International, 1997, pp. 141-166.
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50. VAN DEN BERG, Albert Jan. Op. Cit., p. 17.
51. VAN DEN BERG, Albert Jan. "Annulment of Awards in International Arbitration". Citado por SAMPLINER, Gary H.
"Enforcement of Nullified Foreign Arbitral Awards - Chromalloy Revisited". En -.Journal of International Arbitration. Vol. 2
14. N° 3. Kluwer Law International, 1997, pp. 141-166.
§
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52. REISMAN, W. Michael y RICHARDSON, Brian. Op. Cit., p. 26.

Nuevas tendencias en el reconocimiento y la ejecución de laudos anulados en la sede del arbitraje 263