Page 303 - SUBSEC October 2017_Neat

UNIT 1
MODULE 3: CHEMISTRY OF THE ELEMENTS (cont’d)

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES EXPLANATORY NOTES SUGGESTED PRACTICAL
ACTIVITIES

6. Identification of Cations and Anions

Students should be able to:

+
+
6.1. identify cations: K , Na , Refer to atomic emission Perform flame tests on
2+
2+
2+
Ca , Ba , Cu by their spectra, see Module 1, identified cations.
flame tests; Specific Objective 1.7.

6.2. identify cations Mg 2+ (aq), Include the reactions with Perform experiments of the
2-
-
Al 3+ (aq), Ca 2+ (aq), Cr 3+ (aq), OH (aq), CO 3(aq) and NH3(aq) identified cations with
Mn 2+ (aq), Fe 2+ (aq), Fe 3+ (aq), and confirmatory tests. hydroxide and aqueous
Cu 2+ (aq), Zn 2+ (aq), Ba 2+ (aq), ammonia.

+
Pb 2+ (aq), NH4 (aq); Where possible perform
confirmatory tests of the
identified cations.
6.3. explain the principles upon Refer to equilibrium
which the reactions in concepts. Module 2,
Specific Objective 6.2 are Specific Objective 5.2.
based;
Basic, amphoteric oxide
and complexation.

6.4. write ionic equations for Include state symbols.
the reactions in Specific
Objective 6.2;

6.5. identify anions: Include the reactions with Perform experiments to
2-
2-
2-
2-
CO3 , NO3’, SO4 , SO3 (aq), HCl(aq), conc H2SO4, Pb 2+ (aq), identify the anions CO3 ,
2-
+
-
-
-
2
2-
-
-
Cl , Br , l , CrO4 ; and, Ag (aq), followed by NH3(aq), NO3’, SO4 , SO3 (aq), Cl , Br , l -
2
Ca(OH)2(aq), Ba 2+ (aq), , CrO4 . Where applicable
followed by dilute acid. perform confirmatory tests
For NO3’ use copper for gases.
turnings and conc H2SO4 or
add aluminium (powder) or
zinc (powder) in the
alkaline solution and
confirmatory tests for
gases where applicable.

6.6. write ionic equations for Include state symbols.
the reactions in Specific
Objective 6.5.

CXC A11/U2/17 34