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Picture yourself
Grammar 3 Complete these sentences with relative pronouns. You
may also have to include a preposition.
-JOLJOH JEFBT SFMBUJWF BOE QBSUJDJQMF
Farmville, is a popular online game, is
DMBVTFT usually played through Facebook.
1 Complete these extracts from Reading and Use of Players have a ‘home’ farm and several themed farms
English Part 7 with a word or phrase from the list. they can grow a range of crops.
The main way a player earns money is by
based explaining in which making played that harvesting crops or visiting neighbours.
People I know quite well spend several
where which who
hours a day playing Farmville.
Anyone has experienced it knows all too
Virtual worlds are online three-dimensional spaces well – video game addiction is real.
you can interact with other people. There are some people lives have been
The origin of virtual worlds goes back to early games changed forever by their addiction to video games.
such as Maze War, was developed in the There are many adults and children video
early 1970s. games are an escape from the pressures of real life.
It was one of the first games on linked A self-confessed addict, has been hooked
computers. on Second Life for years, admits it causes him problems.
The things that are important are the ways
these various participants can affect one another. Are there any sentences in which the relative pronoun
Residents are dispersed throughout the virtual world, can be left out?
it difficult for companies to get their
attention. 4 Choose the correct participles in these sentences.
‘Linden dollars’ are a currency you can We came out of the cinema quivered / quivering with
trade with real dollars. fright.
It grabbed the attention of the media and marketers, We’d seen a film based / having based on a science
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saw it as a new way of communicating. fiction short story.
Business Week ran a story called My Virtual Life, Reading / Having read the story, I was interested to see
breathlessly that ‘big advertisers are how they would turn it into a film.
taking notice’. It was only the second film made / having been made by
MTV created a range of virtual worlds on this director.
the content of its original television shows. I’d read a review of the film in a magazine specialising /
specialised in science fiction stories.
2 Discuss these questions on the sentences in Exercise 1.
B Which sentences contain a relative clause? -JOLJOH JEFBT BQQPTJUJPO
C Which of these are defining clauses (containing
5 It is often possible to link information about someone/
essential information)?
something by putting two nouns or noun phrases next
D Which are non-defining clauses (containing
to each other, with no relative pronoun.
additional, non-essential information)?
B Which sentences contain a participle clause? The next stage was when Lucas Film Games, a video game
C Which of these use a present participle and which publisher, developed Habitat, a more two-dimensional
use a past participle? environment.
D In which sentences does the participle clause
replace a relative clause? Join these sentences using phrases in apposition.
E In which sentences does the participle clause link The Matrix came out in 1999. It is a science fiction film.
two actions which happen at the same time? Thomas Anderson is the central character. He is a
In which of the sentences could the relative pronoun be computer programmer and a hacker.
left out? Why? The star of the film is Keanu Reeves. Keanu Reeves is a
famous American actor.
QBHF -BOHVBHF SFGFSFODF Linking ideas
The film popularised ‘bullet time’. Bullet time is an effect
which allows actions to be filmed at different speeds.
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