Page 135 - Maukon
P. 135

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                                                                                                            awmf&JU umuG,fa&;eJY EdkifiHa&;wm0efrsm;udk atmifatmifjrifjrif yl;wGJxrf;aqmifEdkifwJh
                                                                                                   awmfu@ ygvmrSmjzpfovdk wyfrawmfordkif;udka&;&if EdkifiHawmf&JU EdkifiHa&;jzpfpOf
                                                                   rl0g'vrf;aMumif;udk xnfhoGif;rpOf;pm;wmawG[m vGJrSm;whJt,ltq jzpfygw,f/ EkdifiH
                                        aygufzGm;vmaom wyfrawmfjzpfonfESifhtnD jynfolwdkY\ tusKd;pD;yGm;
                                                                a&;eJY umuG,fa&;? e,fbufeJYppfbuf o[ZmwjzpfNyD; tjyeftvSef qufpyfnd§EIdif;rI
                                     udk tNrJOD;xdyfxm;í jynfolrsm;ESifh wpfom;wnf;&Sdaeaom jynfolwdkY\
                                                                                                      ]]EdkifiHawmf&JU vGwfvyfa&;ordkif;rSonf ,aeYtxd EkdifiHhordkif;udka&;&if wyfr
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                               jynfolwdkY\ pGrf;yum;udk ,HkMunfaom trsKd;om;wyfrawmf jzpfaeap
                                                                                       tac:? rSm;,Gif;wJh t,ltqjzpfovdk wyfrawmfudk EdkifiHa&;acgif;aqmifrsm;&JU csKyfudkif
                                                                      &GufvdkwmawG? t&m&mudk ppfa&;½Iaxmifh? ppfa&;tjrifudk tom;ay;NyD; EdkifiHawmf&JU
                                  pGrf;yum;udk tNrJOD;xdyfxm;í jynfolrsm;ESifh wpfom;wnf;&Sdaeaom?
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                                                                                             wyfrawmfudk EdkifiHawmfta&;? EdkifiHa&;rS z,f&Sm;zdkY? wyfrawmfu oyfoyf? EdkifiHawmf
                                                 tjcmtmPm wnfwHhcdkifNrJa&;wnf;[laom trsKd;om;ta&; oHk;yg;onf
                                                          ]]'ghaMumifh wyfrawmftcef;u@eJY ywfoufNyD; atmufygtajccHrlrsm; csrSwf
             csif; ,SOfNydKifpnf;½Hk; vIyf&Sm;&mü wyfrawmfonf bufvdkufrIr&SdbJ
                                                                               ]]ygwDEdkifiHa&; tiftm;pku wyfrawmftwGif; 0ifa&mufcs,fvS,fNyD; ppfa&;
        EdkifiHawmftwGif; wnf&Sdaeaom jynfolY&JwyfzGJUtygt0if vufeufudkif
                                                                                                                 403
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                                                                                                ordkif;[m ygvm&rSmjzpfygw,f/ 'g[m jrefrmEdkifiH&JU xl;jcm;wJhtajctae jzpfygw,f/
                                                                                    cs,fvS,frIrsm;eJY MoZmvTrf;rdk;rIatmufrSmxm;zdkY vdktyfw,fqdkwJh tawG;tjrif[m
                                                                         qdkif&m yk*¾dKvfrsm;uvnf; ygwDEdkifiHa&;rSm0ifa&mufjc,fvS,fNyD; a&maxG;atmif aqmif
                      rsm;u wyfrawmf\ ta&;udpörsm;ü 0ifa&mufpGufzufrI? MoZmvTrf;rdk;
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                                                                                                                 404
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                                                                                    wyfrawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;tm; &yfwnfyg0ifcGifh &Sdap&rnf/
                                           vdktyfcsufrsm;twGuf yl;aygif;aqmif&GufrIrsm;udk tm;ay;&rnf/
                                                                                       tkyfcsKyfa&;tzGJUtqifhqifhüvnf;aumif;? oifhawmfrnfh tcsKd;tpm;t&
                                                                                  wyfrawmfonf EdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;yHk tajccHOya't& rdrdtm; ay;tyf
                                                                wdk;wufrIeJY vlaerItqifhtwef; wdk;wufjrifhrm;atmif vkyfaqmif&rSmjzpfygw,f/
                                                                                          &GufEdkifa&;twGuf OD;wnfí Oya'jyKvTwfawmftqifhqifhüvnf;aumif;?
                                                                   vltiftm; pGrf;yum;rsm;eJY b@maiGtiftm;rsm;udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmh EdkifiH&JUpD;yGm;zGHUNzdK;
                                                                            apmifhod½dkao
                                                          EdkifiHawmfonf EdkifiHawmf\ ajray: ajratmuf? a&ay: a&atmufESifh
                                                                      o,HZmwrsm;?
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                                                             'ghaMumifh pD;yGm;a&;qdkif&m tajccHrlawGtjzpf atmufygwdkYudk tBuHjyKwifjytyfygw,f/
                                                                                                         xm;&SdNyD; wyfrawmfumuG,fa&; OD;pD;csKyfu &yf&Gmat;csdrf;om,ma&;
                               rormaomenf;jzifh tjrwfxkwfjcif;? vuf0g;BuD;tkyf ydkifqdkifjcif;rsm;udk
                            umuG,fxdef;csKyf&eftwGuf vdktyfaom Oya'rsm; csrSwfaqmif&Guf
                                        trsKd;om;tusKd;pD;yGm; epfemxdcdkufrIr&Sdap&efESifh trsm;tusKd; a&&Snf
                                     tusKd;udkyg a&S;½Iaom trsKd;om;pD;yGm;a&;rlrsm;udk EdkifiHawmfu csrSwf
                                                                                                      ESifh EdkifiHawmfumuG,fa&;twGuf vdktyfovdk qufpyfí vGwfvyfpGm
                   taoG;rsm; xdef;odrf;&ef jrefrmEdkifiHESifhudkufnDaom tajccHpHrsm; owf
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             pD;yGm;a&;pepf tBuHay;Edkif&ef pD;yGm;a&;aumfr&Sifwpf&yf zGJUpnf;&rnf/
                                                                                                            tzGJUtpnf;tm;vHk; wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf\ uGyfuJrIatmufü
                      EdkifiHom;rsm;twGuf xkwfvkyfa&mif;csaom ukefypönf;rsm;\ t&nf
           v,f,m? om;ig;? opfawmxkwfvkyfrIacwfrD&ef? jynfwGif;pufrIzGHUNzdK;
                                                       avxktwGif;&Sd t&if;tjrpfrsm;ESifh o,HZmwtm;vHk;\ rl&if;ydkif&Sif
                                                 pD;yGm;a&;u@wGif EdkifiHawmf? or0g,r? zufpyfESifh yk*¾vdu tydkif;rS
                                              vGwfvyfpGm yg0if,SOfNydKifvkyfydkifcGifh &Sdap&rnf/ enf;ynmESifh t&if;tESD;
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                                                       (8)
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                                  paw;NyD;
                                                                                    -
                                                                                                         -
                                                                               -
                                                                                          -
                                                                                                -
                                                    atmufwGif
                                                             (1)
                                                                      tpnf;ta0;ü
                                                                                                                 EdkifiHwnf armfuGef;rsm;
                                                                                                yrmP
                                              r,fhta&;eJYBuHKwdkif;?
                                  aeYpOfrjywf
                                                                                  &Sdap&rnf/
           EdkifiHawmf[m
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                                        pwifay:aygufvmwJh
                                                             OD;0if;aZmfnGefY?
                                                                   EdkifiHh0efxrf;udk,fpm;vS,frsm;
                                                       OD;xGef;a&TwdkYjzpfMuonf/
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                                                             (2)
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                                        1948
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                                                                                                            ]]vlrIa&;tajccHrsm;tjzpf
                   1962
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                                                    aumufEkwfwifjyvdkufygonf/
                                                             OD;cGefb&if?
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                                                             (3)
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                                                       EdkifiHh0efxrf;tpktzGJU\
                                                                                                usef;rma&;vlwdkif;cHpm;cGifh&&Sda&;?
                                  w&pyfwdkufcdkufacsrIef;cJhwm[m
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                                                                                       wuf<uaom EdkifiHjcm;a&;0g'udk usifhoHk;&rnf/
                                              &ifaoG;&ifESpfcsmrsm;eJY
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                                                                      EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;
                   1988
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        t"duta&;BuD;wJh cdkifrmwJh EdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya' a&;qGJa&;twGuf tajccHrl
                                                                                                                 405
                   ckESpfuwpfBudrf?
                                                                               ponfwdkYudk
                ESpfBudrfwdkifwdkifygyJ/ 1988 ckESpf ta&;tcif;rSm wyfrawmfuom EdkifiHawmftmPm
             &,ljcif;jzifh jynfaxmifpkBuD;udk umuG,fapmifha&Smufjcif;rjyKcJhbl;qdk&if 'DaeY'Dtcsdef
           EdkifiHawmfwnfaqmufa&;rSm
                                                                                          Nidrf;csrf;pGm twl,SOfwGJaexdkifa&;rlBuD;rsm; apmifhpnf;vsuf vGwfvyfí
                                                             (4)
                                                          OD;ausmfat;? (5) AdkvfrSL;csKyf0if;vIdif? (6) AdkvfrSL;BuD;odef;aiG? (7) a':cifoef;wif?
                                                 ]]wkdif;&if;om;pnf;vHk;nDnGwfrIeJY wnfaqmufxm;wJh jynfaxmifpkBuD; NydKuGJ
                                                       tBuHjyKcsufrsm;udk
                                                                      csrSwfa&;twGuf
                                                                         1993 ckESpf? Mo*kwfv 12 &ufaeYwGif usif;yaom trsKd;om;nDvmcH pHknD
                                                                                    EdkifiHom;wdkY Oya'ESifhtnD vGwfvyfpGm ajymqdk? pnf;½Hk;cGifh? udk;uG,fcGifh
                                                                zwfMum;wifoGif;onf/ tBuHjyKpmwrf;udk zwfMum;Muonfh EdkifiHh0efxrf; udk,fpm;vS,f
                                                                   tydkif;vdkuf
                                              wnfaxmifxm;wJh
                            ]]jynfaxmifpkrNydKuGJzdkYudk wyfrawmfu t"duOD;wnfcsufwpf&yftjzpf BudK;yrf;
                                                                                                      ynma&;wGif bufpHkzGHUNzdK;a&;? toufarG;0rf;ausmif;ynm us,fjyefYvma&;?
                                                                                                         EdkifiHom;wdkif; pmwwfajrmufa&;? rlvwef;ynm roifrae& jy|mef;a&;?
                      wyfrawmfu rvTJra&Smifom EdkifiHawmftmPmudk &,lNyD; jynfaxmifpkBuD; rNydKuGJa&;udk
                         aqmif&GufcJh&mrSm jynfaxmifpkBuD; rvGJraoG NydKuGJawmhr,fh tajctaeqdk;ay:vm&if
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