Page 145 - E-BOOK SEJARAH DAN BUDAYA INDONESIA

ethnic group. The higher position of the hornbills than the dragon's position also shows that
although members of the Dayak community are open and not prejudiced against outsiders, this
does not in itself mean that they no longer value or value internal influence or the ability of their
own group as inferior to other sources. or outside/foreign influence.

The relationship between humans and the state and nation

The Jalai Dayak people believe that the world must be maintained for its existence by
providing guarantees that all creatures, both visible and invisible, living or inanimate, humans and
animals and plants, can exist together in a balanced and harmonious interaction.

Humans are part of nature, one element among other elements. This view underlies human
behavior and becomes the prime cause of every custom that is carried out. In this context, may we
be of the same perception with Ben Anderson who said that, “The greatest contribution made by
traditional religions in viewing this world is (...) their great attention to the existence of man-in-
cosmos, man as a person. species, as well as the problems that may be encountered in life”.
As part of nature, problems will arise when the balance is disturbed. In the perception of
indigenous peoples, disturbances to the balance occur through disobedience to customs which have
become a prerequisite for harmony in life (cosmological harmony). In this view, someone who
violates adat is not solely because he has harmed other people, but mainly because he has disturbed
the balance that should be maintained between humans and the rest of the world (kosmos). The
disturbed balance threatens the lives of all elements of the cosmos, not only humans or the violators
of customs.

Belief System

The belief system or religion for the Dayak ethnic group is almost inseparable from the
cultural values and their daily socio-economic life. This also applies between these cultural values
and ethnicity in the Dayak community. This means that the personality, behavior, attitudes,
actions, and socio-economic activities of the Dayak people on a daily basis, as indicated by several
Dayakologists (Coomans, 1987; Alqadrie, 1991b: 1 14) are guided, supported by and associated
not only with belief systems or beliefs. religious teachings and customs or customary law, but also
with cultural values and ethnicity. Thus, their response to external stimuli or pressures is often
based on the complexity of the above elements.

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