Page 343 - INDONESIAN ISLAMIC CULTURE IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES

politics. At that time NU had become part of Islam, such as the transformative NU affiliated students had sparated Muhammadiyah (Muhammadiyah High
of PPP (Partai Persatuan Pembangunan/ nature of Islam, democracy, and religious from HMI, the Muhammadiyah affiliated School Student Organization, IPM)
United Development Party). In 1972 PMII pluralism. 40 students also made a breakaway. that was established in 1961, and in
formally declared its independence in In line with HMI, the alumni of PMII have IMM was founded in Yogyakarta on 2008 it named itself Ikatan Remaja
the Murnajati Declaration, since in 1974 increasingly put their contribution at March 14, 1964. There were several Muhammadiyah or the Muhammadiyah
PMII could join the Cipayung Group. The the national level. Some of the former factors behind the establishment Bond, IRM). Some of the well-known
entry of PMII into the Cipayung Group chairmen of the PMII Executive Board of IMM. Ideologically considered figures behind the establishment IMM
confirmed the status of PMII as a student (PB PMII) pursued their political career the establishment of IMM was due are Mohammad Djazman, M. AmienRais,
organization, with a high commitment to through PPP, PKB, as members of to the dissatisfaction of a younger and A. Rosyad Sholeh.
the nation’s affairs. generation of Muhammadiyah against
parliament or other national institutions. Unlike PMII, the establishment of IMM
In the New Order era, PMII was also In national politics people like HMI, the organization which had been did not lead to either conflicts or frictions
affected by de-politicization process. As Suryadharma Ali, Muhaimin Iskandar, considered to be less consistent with with HMI. This can be sociologically
a socio-religious organization PMII was Slamet Effendi Yusuf, Maftuh Basuni, their Islamic modernist ideology. The understandable since the founding of
affected by the government policy of Arifin Junaidi, Andi Muarli Sunrawa, modernist concept of renewal had IMM was not followed by the release of
making Pancasila as the single principle. Otong Abdurrahman, Ali Masykur Musa, always been an important principle activists who belonged to the modernist
like other youth and student organizations and other had joined the political arena. for the Muhammadiyah students ideology of HMI. IMM was established
PMII had to take sole principle as a Another interesting thing was that almost being an autonomous organization of in 1964 because Muhammadiyah
necessity. Acceptance of Pancasila as all members Central Executive Board of the Muhammadiyah. Sociologically, was still attached to a moral burden
the sole principle not only meant their the National Awakening Party (DPP PKB) the establishment of IMM was also on the 1949 Muslim pledge, which
submission to the government as an are the former PMII activists, either at stipulated by the emergence of many agreed that HMI was the only student
organization, it also a political strategy. the national level or at the lower regional Muhammadiyah universities. The organization for the Muslims. However,
In line with NU, PMII decided to return levels. Thus, PMII was not only a mass dissatisfaction of the young generation the establishment of PMII was a “good
to the 1926 basic principle (khittah) as base organization for PKB, but also a of Muhammadiyah to the ideology of precedent” for Muhammadiyah students
their tactical struggle by abstaining from reservoir of highly loyal politicians. HMI had led to the birth of IMM. 41 to establish their own organizations too.
practical politics. As a consequence, PMII The existence of IMM would rather be
put more focus on the internal affairs, 3) Ikatan Mahasiswa Another sociological factor is that the an alternate organization for students
namely the development of intellectual Muhammadiyah (IMM) establishment of IMM was to complete belong to the modernist ideology. On
capacity and to empowering civil society. IMM was the last Muslim student the organizational structure of the young the other hand, IMM that is dominant
The-politicization policy of the New Order organization established during the generations of Muhammadiyah that had in universities and colleges of the
government was a blessing in disguise Old Order era. A few years after the established Nasyi’atul Aisyiyah (founded Muhammadiyah cannot be a threat to
for PMII, because it confirms the moment in 1931), Pemuda Muhammadiyah the existence of HMI. Politically, the
of PMII as an organization that wanted 40. http://rayonsyahadat.wordpress. (founded in 1932), and Ikatan Pelajar establishment of IMM is in conjunction
com/2012/01/11/kepmiian/ (being accessed on
to put high commitment to other aspects March 8, 2014). 41. Latif, Inteligensia Muslim danKuasa,…p. 436. with HMI confrontation with the PKI;

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