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In loving memory of our parents
Clifford Delzell and Iola Hoffman intrOductiOn
Arthur and Ada Solomon £PaRDeS: The Underlying Message
In gratitude to and Methodology of this Book
Rabbi Avraham Arieh Our Sages teach that the Torah has seventy faces. They liken the
Torah to a crystal whose color and radiance alter with the slightest
and Rachel Trugman change of position (Bamidbar Rabbah 13:15; Otiyot deRabbi Akiva).
Rabbi Isaac Luria, the great, sixteenth century, Safed, Kabbalist,
who water our ancestral seeds known as the Arizal, posits that the Torah possesses 600,000 faces.
of Torah, prayer and mitzvot This corresponds to the tradition that there are 600,000 soul root
sparks in the nation of Israel, as well as 600,000 letters in the Torah
(Shir Hashirim Rabbah 6:15). Both these rabbinic traditions convey
Gratia Meyer and David Solomon the same message about the multiple ways that not only Torah, but
reality itself can be understood. In the twentieth century, quantum
physics likewise recognized the impossibility of establishing one
objective reality. Physicists explained that the role played by the
human observer makes it impossible to quantify reality precisely, as
it is constantly changing.
The Rabbis coined the term PaRDeS (סדרפ) – an acronym literally
We thank Hashem This Book is dedicated meaning “orchard” – to refer to their four-tiered system of biblical
for protecting us to a very special soul interpretation, which revealed that each word, verse, story, and
and our children who brought joy, mitzvah (commandment) in the Torah could be simultaneously
understood on four different levels:
from many close calls hope and love
to so many פ – P – Peshat – the straightforward or literal meaning of the
Henoch Dov text.
ben Tzvi Hersch Shira Rachma ר – R – Remez – the deeper meaning, alluded to or hinted at by the
bat Alter Natan Nata text.
and Sara Leah v’Ahuva ד – D – Derash – the allegorical, metaphorical, or symbolic meaning
of the text, revealed by the Midrashic tradition, often
bat Pesach המחר הריש contained in a body of rabbinic works known as the the
עטנ ןתנ רטלא תב Midrash.
הבוהאו ס – S – Sod – the mystical or secret meaning, revealed by the
Kabbalistic tradition.
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