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1284.e2 Systemic Inflammatory Response (SIRS) and Multiple Organ Dysfunction (MOD)

Systemic Inflammatory Response (SIRS)
VetBooks.ir and Multiple Organ Dysfunction (MOD)

SIRS MODS
Historic Abnormalities
Anorexia +/++ ++/+++
Lethargy +/++ ++/+++
Diarrhea (hemorrhagic) +
Physical Examination
Mental depression +/++ +++
Fever Y
Hypothermia +/Y Y
Vasodilation (red mucous membranes, Y
accelerated capillary refill time)
Vasoconstriction (pale mucous membranes, Y
prolonged capillary refill time)
Heart murmur Y +
Arterial pulse quality:
“Bounding” Y
Normal or decreased Y
Tachycardia, arrhythmias + Y
Tachypnea, hyperventilation Y Y
Petechiae or bleeding + +/Y
Clinical Pathologic Findings
Hyperglycemia +/Y
Hypoglycemia +/Y +/Y
Leukocytosis (possibly following transient Y
leukopenia; left shift, mild toxic changes)
Leukopenia or rapid decrease in leukocytes, Y
with marked left shift, toxic neutrophils
Coagulation parameters:
Normal to hyperactive Y
Hypoactive Y
Increased liver enzymes (particularly alkaline Y
phosphatase)
Hyperbilirubinemia +/Y
Hypoalbuminemia +/Y +/Y
Azotemia +/++ +/++/+++
Acidosis (lactic/metabolic) + +/++
Hemodynamic Changes
Cardiac output:
Normal to high Y
Low Y
Arterial blood pressure; central venous
pressure:
Normal +/++ +
Low +/++/+++ +/++
MODS, Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome; Y,
yes, usually present; +/Y, possibly present; +/++/+++, mild, moderate, severe.
Modified from Fox P: Textbook of canine and feline cardiology: principles and practice, St. Louis,
1999, Saunders, p 275.

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