Page 92 - Botany

4. eskMwZi †ivM wbivg‡q t gvby‡li cÖvq wZb nvRvi eskMwZq †ivM Av‡Q| Gme †iv‡Mi †Kvb wPwKsmv †bB| †hme wRb Øviv G me
†ivM m„wó nq wRb cÖ‡KŠkj cÖhyw³i Øviv †mme wRb‡K AcmviY ev cÖwZ¯’vcb K‡i †ivM wbivg‡qi †Póv Pj‡Q|

5. M‡f©i wkï cix¶v t gvZ…M‡f©i wkï †Kvb eskMZ ev Ab¨ †Kvb A¯^vfvweKZv wb‡q Rb¥MÖnY K‡i wK bv Zv A¨vgwbIwmm bvgK
wRb cÖhyw&³ Øviv wbiycY Kiv hvq|
6. GbRvBg Drcv`b t wRb cÖ‡KŠkj cÖhyw³ cÖ‡qvM K‡i Lv`¨ nRgKvix wewfbœ GbRvBg, †hgb- RvB‡gR, †cÖvwU‡qR, jvB‡cR,
K…wgbvkK GbRvBg dvBwmb BZ¨vw` evwYwR¨Kfv‡e Drcv`b Kiv n‡”Q|

7. ev‡qvwi‡qKUi t wRb cÖ‡KŠkj cÖhyw³‡Z m„ó Uªv݇RwbK cÖvYx‡`i ev‡qvwi‡qKUi wn‡m‡e e¨envi K‡i Gme cÖvYxi `ya, i³ I g~Î
†_‡K Ilya AvniY Kiv nq| G‡K gwjKz¨jvi dvwg©s (molecular farming ) e‡j|

5| DÏxcK t cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvi Rb¨ Rvbv `iKvi, Kx Kx `~wlZ c`v_© Kx cwigv‡Y †Kvb †Kvb Kg©Kv‡Ûi d‡j wbM©Z n‡”Q| Gme Dcv`v‡bi cwiYwZ Kx ; cwi‡e‡k Gi cÖfve
KZUzKz ; ¯’vbxqfv‡e I e¨vcKfv‡e B‡Kvwm‡÷‡gi Dci Zwi Kx cÖwZwµqv n‡”Q, BZ¨vw`|
K) cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv Kx?
L) KjKviLvbv †_‡K wbM©Z eR©¨ ˆRe cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g wKfv‡e †kvab Kiv nq?
M) cvwb‡Z wbM©Z †Zj wKfv‡e ˆRe cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g wbqš¿Y Kiv hvq|
N) wmD‡qR AvËxKi‡Yi gva¨‡g wKfv‡e cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv Kiv hvq?
5| K) cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv t †h me e¨e¯’v MÖn‡bi gva¨‡g cwi‡ek `~lYKvix Dcv`vb‡K wbqš¿‡Y ivLv hvq ev Dcv`vb¸‡jv‡K cybtcÖwµqvi
gva¨‡g Kv‡R jvMv‡bv hvq ev Dcw¯’Z cwi‡ek‡K DbœZ Kiv hvq, Zv‡KB cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv e‡j|

L) KjKviLvbv †_‡K wbM©Z eR©ª †kvab t wkíRvZ †hme `~lK c`v_© cvwb I gvwU‡K `~wlZ K‡i †m¸‡jvi g‡a¨ mvqvbvBW, †jW, gviKvwi,
Kcvi, wR¼, †K¬vwib, Av‡m©wbK, mvjdvi BZ¨vw` Ab¨Zg| mv¤cÖwZKv‡j we‡k¦i A‡bK †`‡k eR©ª cwi‡kva‡b AYyRx‡ei e¨envi cÖPwjZ
n‡q‡Q| AYyRxe ˆRe eRª©‡K †f‡½ mij Dcv`v‡b iæcvšÍi K‡i Ges RwUj avZe †hŠM‡K RvwiZ K‡i cyb:e¨envi Dc‡hvMx K‡i †Zv‡j|

Clostridium, Pseudomonus cÖf„wZ e¨vK‡Uwiqv †c‡Uªvwjqvg e‡R©ªi nvB‡WªvKve©b gy³ K‡i wbR †`‡ni Af¨šÍ‡i †cÖvwUb
ms‡kølY NUvq|
KvMR wk‡íi KvuPvgvj weøwPs Ki‡Z †K¬vwib e¨envi Kiv nq| GB †K¬vwibRwbZ `~lY †_‡K cwi‡ek‡K wewfbœ QÎvK e¨envi K‡i
mn‡RB gy³ Kiv hvq|

AYyRx‡ei mnvqZvq `y‡ai KviLvbv †_‡K wbM©Z eR©ª †_‡K j¨vKwUK A¨vwmW ˆZwi Kiv nq|
ZvQvov wewfbœ ˆRe e‡Rª© Saccharomyces MYfz³ C÷ I wKQz e¨vK‡Uwiqv e¨envi K‡i MuvRb c×wZ‡Z `ªƒZ eske„w× NwU‡qI

Zv‡K c‡i Avjv`v K‡i me RxevYy †_‡K †cÖvwUb AvniY K‡i cwi‡ek `~lYgy³ Kiv hv‡e| Gme †cÖvwUb‡K single cell protein e‡j hv
gvbyl I cïLv`¨ wn‡m‡e e¨envi ïi“ n‡q‡Q|

M) cvwb‡Z wbM©Z †Zj ˆRe cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g wbqš¿Y t eZ©gv‡b wewfbœ Kg©Kv‡Ûi d‡j †Zj ev †ZjRvZxq DcKiY cvwb‡Z c‡o cvwb

`~l‡Yi gvÎv evwo‡q w`‡”Q| ˆZjv³ Dcv`vb mij Dcv`v‡b RxY© Ki‡Z wKQz e¨vK‡Uwiqv ( †hgb- Pseusomonas ) mwµq _v‡K, wKš‘
G‡`i MwZ gš’i| †ZjRvZxq DcKiY¸‡jv RxY© Ki‡Z †h GbRvBg `iKvi Zvi wRb e¨vK‡Uwiqvi g~j †µv‡gv‡mv‡g bv †_‡K cøvRwg‡W
Ae¯’vb K‡i| wRb¸‡jv‡K wewfbœ DcKvix e¨vK‡Uwiqv †_‡K DNA cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g GKwU e¨vK‡Uwiqvq ms‡hvR‡bi †Póv Pj‡Q| G‡Z

K‡i eo eo `~lYNwUZ ¯’v‡b Gme e¨vK‡Uwiqv Qwo‡q cwiw¯’wZ `ªyZ wbqš¿‡Y Avbv hv‡e e‡j weÁvbxiv Avkvev` e¨³ K‡i‡Qb|

N) wmD‡qR AvËxKiY t wmD‡qR n‡”Q cqtwb®‹vwlZ Zij gqjv| G‡Z i‡q‡Q cvwb `~lYKvix wewfbœ ˆRe I A‰Re c`v_©| Gme c`v_©
†_‡K gvby‡li e¨envh© ev Rjvav‡ii cvwb‡K gy³ ivL‡Z hy³ivóª, Rvg©vbxmn Ab¨vb¨ DbœZ †`‡k wmD‡qR AvwËKi‡Yi Rb¨ wewfbœ AYyRx‡ei

AbycÖ‡ek NUv‡bv n‡q _v‡K| Gme AYyRxe cÖvK…wZK AYyRx‡ei cvkvcvwk A_P AviI `ªyZ AvwËKiY m¤úbœ K‡i| eZ©gv‡b AbyRx‡ei
÷vU©vi KvjPvi ˆZwi nIqvq wmD‡qR AvwËKiY mnR I `ªyZZi n‡q‡Q| ïay ZvB bq, G mgq †h cÖPzi cwigvY Aw·‡R‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq,
Zvi w`‡K j¶¨ †i‡L wewfbœ †Kv¤úvbx evwYwR¨Kfv‡e wmD‡qR AvwËKiY cøv›UI evRviRvZ Ki‡Q|

6| msÁv wjL - wR‡bvg I wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs| wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs Gi cÖ‡qvM m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki|
wR‡bvg t †Kv‡bv GKwU cÖRvwZi GKwU wbDwK¬qv‡m mvaviYZ †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi GKwU †mU‡K ejv nq wR‡bvg| n¨vcø‡qW wbDwK¬qv‡m GKwU
wR‡bvg _v‡K, Avi wWcø‡qW wbDwK¬qv‡m `ywU wR‡bvg _v‡K|

wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs t DNA AYyi Aby‰`‡N©¨ ATGC ‡em¸‡jv †Kvb Abyµ‡g (†KvbwUi ci †KvbwU) mw¾Z _v‡K Zv nj wR‡bvg
wm‡Kv‡qÝ, Avi GB wm‡Kv‡qÝwU (mvRvb c×wZwU) D`NvUb KivB n‡jv wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs ev DNA wm‡Kv‡qwÝs|

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