Page 94 - Botany

Øv`k Aa¨vq Ñ B‡KvjwR
mb&Rq P›`ª gÛj, mnKvwi Aa¨vcK, Dw™¢`weÁvb, RqcyinvU miKvwi K‡jR, RqcyinvU|

cÖRvwZ t cÖRvwZ ej‡Z wewfbœ ˆewk‡ó¨ me©vwaK wgjm¤úbœ GK`j Rxe‡K †evSvq hviv wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ wgj‡b De©i mšÍvb Drc`v‡b m¶g|
Earnest Mayr (1969) cÖRvwZi KZ¸‡jv ˆewkó¨ wbiæcb K‡i‡Qb-
• cÖwZwU cÖRvwZ Avcb ˆewk‡ó¨ ¯^Zš¿
• cÖRvwZ GKwU Awfbœ wRb fvÛv‡ii Auvavi hv‡Z wR‡bi gy³ cÖevn A¶zYœ _v‡K|
• cÖwZwU cÖRvwZ mswkøó cwi‡e‡k Awf‡hvwRZ nIqvi Rb¨ m`v cÖ‡PóviZ _v‡K|
• cÖRvwZi m`m¨iv ci¯ú‡ii g‡a¨ wRb wewbg‡q m¶g
• cÖwZwU cÖRvwZiB bZzb cÖRvwZ m„wói ¶gZv i‡q‡Q|

ccy‡jkb / Rxe‡Mvôx t †Kvb wbw`©ó A‡j GKB cwi‡e‡k emevmKvix GKB cÖRvwZi RxemsL¨v‡K ccy‡jkb e‡j| ccy‡jk‡bi ˆewkó¨ wb‡P
†`Iqv n‡jv-
• NbZ¡ ev we¯Ívi t GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡q GKwU GKK AvqZb RvqMvq †Kv‡bv cÖRvwZi KZwU m`m¨ Av‡Q Zv n‡jv ccy‡jkbi NbZ¡| †h
†Kv‡bv cÖRvwZi ccy‡jkb NbZ¡ wfbœ wfbœ cwi‡e‡k wfbœZi n‡q _v‡K|
• Rb¥-g„Zz¨ nvi t cÖwZwU ccy‡jk‡b Rb¥ I g„Zz¨ nvi _v‡K| Rb¥ I g„Zz¨ nvi mgvb n‡j ccy‡jkb e„w× k~b¨|
• msL¨ve„w× kw³ t me‡P‡q myweavRbK cwi‡e‡k †Kv‡bv ccy‡jkb me©vwaK KZUv e„w× †c‡Z cv‡i Zv‡K ejv nq cÖ”Qbœ msL¨ve„w×
kw³| wewfbœ cÖRvwZi GB ea©bkw³ wfbœZi n‡q _v‡K|
• mxwgZKiY kw³ t cÖK…wZB ccy‡jk‡bi e„wׇK mxwgZ iv‡L| Kv‡RB †Kv‡bv ccy‡jkbB Zvi cÖ”Qbœ msL¨ve„w×i kw³‡K Awbw`©ó
mg‡qi Rb¨ Kv‡R jvMv‡Z cv‡i bv|

Rxe m¤cÖ`vq / ev‡qvwUK KwgDwbwU t Rxe m¤cÖ`vq n‡jv GKwU wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b Ges GKB cwi‡e‡k wewfbœ Dw™¢` I cÖvwYmg~‡ni cÖvK…wZK
mgv‡ek, hviv cÖ‡Z¨‡K wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ G‡K A‡b¨i cÖwZ mnbkxj I wbf©ikxj Ges ci¯úi wµqvkxj|cÖwZwU Rxem¤cÖ`v‡qi KZ¸‡jv
ˆewkó¨ _v‡K-
• cÖRvwZ ˆewPΨ t Rxe m¤cÖ`v‡q wewfbœ cÖRvwZi Dw™¢` I cÖvYx _v‡K Ges G‡`i g‡a¨ ˆewPΨ ‡`Lv hvq|
• e„w× ch©vq I MVb t cÖavb e„w× ch©vq¸‡jv Rxe m¤cÖ`v‡qi cÖK…wZi weeiY †`q|
• AvwacZ¨ t Rxem¤cÖ`v‡q we`¨gvb wewfbœ cÖRvwZi g‡a¨ †Kej K‡qKwU cÖRvwZi Rxe Zv‡`i msL¨v, AvKvi I wµqvKjvc Øviv
m¤cÖ`v‡qi Ab¨vb¨ cÖRvwZi Dci wbqš¿YKvix cÖfve we¯Ívi K‡i|
• Av‡cw¶K cÖvPzh©Zv t GKwU Rxe m¤cÖ`v‡q wewfbœ cÖRvwZi Rxe‡Mvôx GKwU Av‡cw¶K Abycv‡Z we`¨gvb _v‡K| G‡K Av‡cw¶K
cÖvPzh©Zv e‡j|
• cywó ¯Íi t Dw™¢` †_‡K Z…Y‡fvRx Ges Z…Y‡fvRx †_‡K gvskvmx cÖvYxi g‡a¨ Lv`¨MÖnY m¤úK© Rxe m¤cÖ`v‡q kw³ I cywó cÖevn
wba©vib K‡i|

cÖkœ t B‡KvjwRK¨vj wcivwgW ej‡Z Kx †evS? wewfbœ cÖKvi B‡KvjwRK¨vj wcivwgW m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Ki|
B‡KvjwRK¨vj wcivwgW t wewfbœ B‡Kvwm‡÷‡gi Lv`¨k„•L‡ji web¨vm mgwš^Z wcivwgW AvK…wZi bKkv‡K B‡KvjwRK¨vj wcivwgW e‡j| Gme
†¶‡Î Drcv`K ¯Íi mvaviYfv‡e wcivwg‡Wi f~wg MVb K‡i Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¯ÍiMy‡jv av‡c av‡c µgk †QvU n‡q wcivwg‡Wi P~uov MVb K‡i|
msL¨vi wcivwgW t GwU wcivwgW AvK…wZ GKwU bKkv| GB bK&kvq B‡Kvwm‡÷‡gi wewfbœ cywó¯Í‡ii Rx‡ei msL¨vwfwËK m¤úK© †`Lv‡bv nq| G
ai‡bi wcivwgW AvK…wZi bK&kvi gva¨‡g cywó¯Í‡ii Rx‡ei msL¨v I Zv‡`i m¤úK© wbiycY Kiv hvq e‡j GwU‡K msL¨vi wcivwgW ejv nq| Gme
wcivwg‡Wi f~wg n‡Z kxl© ch©šÍ µgvš^‡q cywó¯Í‡i Rx‡ei msL¨v Kg‡Z _v‡K| me©wbgœ cywó¯Í‡i Drcv`‡Ki msL¨v _v‡K me‡P‡q †ewk Ges Lv`‡Ki msL¨v
_v‡K me‡P‡q Kg| Gci µgvš^‡q Ici w`‡Ki cywó¯Í‡i Drcv`‡Ki msL¨v Kg‡Z _v‡K Ges Lv`‡Ki msL¨v evo‡Z _v‡K| GLv‡b D‡j­L¨ †h, msL¨vi
wcivwg‡W kxl© cywó ¯Í‡i Rx‡ei msL¨v n«vm †c‡q me©wbgœ ch©v‡q †b‡g Av‡m wKš‘ Giv AvKv‡i eo nq|

Rxefi ev ev‡qvgv‡mi wcivwgW t ev‡qvgvm ev RxewcÛ nj †Kvb GKwU B‡Kvwm‡÷‡g GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡q Aew¯’Z mKj ˆRe e¯‘i †gvU fi ev
cwigv‡Yi wnmve | ev‡qvgvm, †gvU Nbdj wnmv‡e, ﮋ IRb wnmv‡e Ges ZvRv IRb wnmv‡e cÖKvk Kiv hvq| †Kvb GKwU B‡Kvwm‡÷‡gi Lv`¨¯Íi¸‡jvi
ev‡qvgvm wbY©q K‡i G‡`i djvdj w`‡q Aw¼Z ˆiwLK wP·K ev‡qvgvm Gi wcivwgW e‡j| D`vniY¯^iæc ejv hvq, GKwU e„‡¶i ev‡qvgvm, Gi Dci
wbf©ikxj cvwLi ev‡qvgvm n‡Z †ewk| Avevi cvwL¸‡jvi ev‡qvgvm, Zv‡`i Dci wbf©ikxj ciRxex †cvKv gvKo¸‡jvi ev‡qvgvm A‡c¶v †ewk|
ev‡qvgv‡mi wcivwg‡W cÖwZwU Lv`¨¯Í‡i †gvU ev‡qvgv‡mi cwigvY †`Lv‡bv nq|

wPÎ t msL¨vi wcivwgW wPÎ t ev‡qvgvm wcivwgW wPÎ t kw³i wcivwgW

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