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17. Direct and Indirect Speech
Every speaker expresses his thoughts and feelings in words and sentences whenever a
speaker speaks, that is called narration . Expression of thoughts and feelings can be made in
two ways, i.e., the narration is of two kinds.
(a) Direct narration or Direct speech
(b) Indirect narration or Indirect speech.
Direct Speech
When the exact words of the speaker are reproduced before some other person(s), that is
called Direct speech or Direct narration .
Indirect Speech
When the speech (thoughts and feelings) of the speaker is reproduced by some other
person(s) in his own words without changing the meaning of the speech, that is called
or
Indirect speech Indirect narration.
Examples : (i) She said, “Aditya was working hard”. (Direct Speech)
She said that Aditya had been working hard. (Indirect Speech)
(ii) He said to me, “I'm going away”. (Direct Speech)
He told me that he was going away. (Indirect Speech)
(ii) She says, “I am a little bit nervous”. (Direct Speech)
She says that she is a little bit nervous. (Indirect Speech)
Some points to be remember about direct speech :
1. Direct speech (reported speech) is put within inverted commas (“.....”).
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