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kelonggaran kepada negara­negara anggotanya untuk menentukan
sendiri bidang­bidang teknologi yang dapat diberi paten dan yang
33
dikecualikan.
Untuk mempersempit semakin besarnya perbedaan karena
adanya kelonggaran tersebut, WIPO dalam buku panduan yang
disebut WIPO Model Law for Developing Countries on Invention
memberikan panduan tentang bidang­bidang yang dapat dikecua­
likan dalam undang­undang Paten. Panduan ter sebut meliputi,

(i) discoveries, scientific theories and mathematical methods;

(ii) plant or animal varieties or essentially biological processes
for the production of plants or animals, other than microbio-
logical processes and the products of such processes;
(iii) schemes, rules or methods for doing business, performing
purely for mental acts or playing games;

(iv) methods for treatment of the human or animal body by sur-
gery or therapy, as well as diagnostic methods practiced on
the human or animal body: this provision shall not apply to
products for use in any of those methods. 34

33 World Intellectual Property Organication, op.cit., No. 21, Pasal 1 ayat (3) Konvensi Paris
menentukan, “(3) Industrial property shall be understood in the broadest sense and
shall apply not to industry and commerce proper, but likewise to agricultural and extrac-
tive industries and to all manufactured or natural products, for example, wines, grain,
tobacco leaf, fruit, cattle, minerals, mineral waters, beer, flowers, and flour.”
Lihat juga Bodenhausen. G.H.C.,1968, Guide to the Application of the Paris Convention
for the Protection of Industrial Property (As Revised in Stockholm in 1967), United Inter­
national Bureaux for the Protection of Intellectual Property (BIRPI), Geneve, hlm. 23.
Mengenai makna ketentuan Pasal 1 ayat (3) tersebut, Bodenhausen menulis, “(b) The
meaning of the provision is not that all subjects of industrial property indicated in para-
graph (2) of Article 1, such as patents, trademarks, etc., shall apply to all activities and
products mentioned in paragraph (3). There is therefore no obligation for the member
States to grant patents for wine, cattle and fruit, or to protect trademarks with respect to
minerals. The purpose of the provision is merely to avoid excluding from the protection
of industrial property activities or products which would otherwise run the risk of not
being assimilated to those of industry proper. The various industrial property rights will,
however, be applied to those activities and products only in so far as appropriate.”
34 World Intellectual Property Organization, 1979, "WIPO Model Law for Developing Co­
untries on Inventions, Vol. 1: Patents", WIPO Publication, No. 840 (E), Geneve, hlm. 19.