Page 397 - General Knowledge

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 2019

 Deficiency disease – Dermatitis, anemia and birth defects.
 Source Meat, vegetables, tree nuts and bananas.
Vitamin B7
 Chemical name – Biotin.

 Deficiency disease – Dermatitis, anaemia and anorexia.
 Source – Raw egg yolk, liver peanuts and vegetables.
Vitamin B9
 Chemical name – folic acid.
 Deficiency disease – Megaloblastic anaemia and birth defects.
 Source – Leafy vegetables, pasta, bread, Cereal, liver.
Vitamin B12
 Chemical name – Cyanocobalamin.
 Deficiency disease – Pernicious anaemia.
 Source – Meat and other animal products.
Vitamin C
 Chemical name – Ascorbic acid.
 Deficiency disease – Scurvy.
 Source – Peppers, Citrus fruits.

2. GENETICS

 Transmission of characters from parents to their offspring is called as heredity.
 Genetics deals with ―the study of heredity and genetic variations‖.
 Clones are organisms which are carbon copies of one another.
 Variations in sexually reproducing organisms are caused due to crossing over and
recombination of genes and mutation.
 Gregor Mendel conducted studies on genetic inheritance on garden pea.

 Diploid – Paired condition of chromosomes.
 Haploid – Unpaired condition of chromosomes.
 DNA, RNA is the genetic material in all organisms.
Mendel‘s law of inheritance
 First Law of inheritance is also known as Law of dominance.
 Second law is also known as Law of segregation.
 Third law is also known as Law of Independent Assortment.
Law of Dominance
 Characters are controlled by discrete units is called factors.
 Factors occur in pairs of alleles.
 In dissimilar pair of factors one member of the pair dominates (dominant) and the other is
suppressed (recessive).
 Law of Dominance – Explains the expression of only one of the parental characters in a
monohybrid cross in F1 and expression of both in F2 generation.
 Also explains the proportion of 3:1 obtained in F2 generation.

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