Page 357 - Nidalist

complex prepositions 105 “did” “-est” suffixes 97, 99
compound nouns 73 “did not” and “didn’t” 8, 60 “even though” 111
conceding a point 118 in questions 9, 34, 37 “-ever,” with question words 84
conclusion markers 117 in open questions 36 “every” 67
concrete nouns 72 direct objects 53, 55 “everyone” and “everybody” 79
conditional sentences 29, 30, 31, 59 pronouns 77 “everything” 79
conjunctions 110, 111, 113, R1 direct speech 44 evidence, predictions with 17
ellipsis after 89 see also reported speech exclamation marks 6
consonants R2 disagreeing subjects 118 expressions, comparative adjectives 95
continuous forms 12, 14, 50 discourse markers 117 expressions of frequency 102
in future tense 20, 21 discussions 119 extreme adjectives 93
see also past continuous; present continuous distances, with “it” 86
contractions 6, 77, R13 distancing, from statements 119 F
negative 2, 4 “do” and “does” 49, 80
use of apostrophes in 80 “do you know” 38 fact adjectives 92
contrasting phrases 110, 111, 113 for substitution 91 “fairly” 93, 100
conversational English see spoken English in answers 40, 41 “fast,” “faster,” and “fastest” 97
coordinating conjunctions 110, 113 in questions 3, 34, 37 “feel” and “felt” 43, 50
correcting subjects 118 open questions 36 feelings 52
“could” 44, 56 question tags 39 female and male nouns 80, 92
“could not” and “couldn’t” 61, 62 reported questions 47 see also “he,” “him,” and “his;” “she”
“could you tell me” 38 in requests 6 “few” and “fewer” 75, 91
for past abilities 57 in short answers 41 “finally” 117
for permission and requests 58 see also “do not” and “don’t” “fine” and “finely” 98
for suggestions 59 “-dom” suffixes 115 “first” 117
in deductions 61 “do not” and “don’t” 2, 79 first (real) conditional 29, 30, 31
in second conditional 29, 30 as imperatives 6 first person pronouns 77
with “wish” 33 “does not” and “doesn’t” 2, 80 focus, on parts of sentences 87
countable nouns 70, 75 “don’t have to” 60 “for” 107, 109
abstract 72 in reported speech 46 “for example” 117
substitution of 91 in short answers 41 formal English
with “enough” and “not enough” 104 with “have” 80 conjunctions 112
see also uncountable nouns double object verbs 53 “nor” 110
dummy subject (“it”) 86 “ought to” 59
D duration, prepositions for 107 polite requests 6, 58
“during” 107
using inversion 30, 88
dates 74, 75 “whether” 47
decade phrases 80 E “whom” 35, 81, 82
decimals 74 formal organizing phrases 117
decisions “each” 67, 78 fractions 74
with “going to” 17 “-ed” suffixes 7, 11, 51 frequencies, questions about 35
with “will” 18 adjectives with 92 frequency, adverbs of 102
deductions 56, 61 “either” 68, 110 “friendly” and “friendlier” 94
defining relative clauses 63, 81 elision see contractions “from... to...” 107
see also non-defining relative clauses ellipsis 89, 110, R3 “-ful” suffixes 115
definite article (“the”) 63, 64, 97 emphasis 59, 78 future 19, 23, 33, R10
degrees, of adverbs and adjectives 100, 104 imperatives 6 near, with “about to” 101
demonstrative determiners 65 in formal organizing phrases 117 obligations 60
“that” 86, 87, R13 inversion of words 88 possibilities 32, 62
“that” as relative pronoun 81 “no” and nouns 66 with “yet” 101
“that” in passive voice 28 shifting focus 87 future continuous 20, 23
“that” with “so” and “such” 103 through repetition 95 future in the past 22, 23
“these” and “those” 44 with conjunctions 112 future, passive voice in 26
“this” 43, 45 with “far” and “much” 104 future perfect 21, 23, R11
dependent prepositions 109 with “little” 75 passive 26
describing words see adjectives with “so” and “such” 103 future simple 23, 26
desires (“wish”) 33 see also stress future with “going to” 17, 23
determiners R1 empty subject (“it”) 86 future with “will” 18, 23
“each” and “every” 67 “-en” suffixes 115 in first conditional 29
“no” 41, 47, 66 “-ence” suffixes 115 in reported speech 44
possessive 80 “enough” 75, 104 phrasal verbs in 55
“whichever” and “whatever” as 84 “entirely” 100 with “there” 85
with “either,” “neither,” and “both” 68 “-er” suffixes 94, 99, 115 future with “shall” 18
“-es” suffixes 1, 5, 69 future with “will be able to” 57
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