Page 24 - pharma 1 theoretical updated MNU_Neat

Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025 Level 3 Pharm D Pharmacology 1 (PO 502)

➢ If E injected experimentally after α- blocker→ hypotension occurs
instead of hypertension due to unblocked β-Vasodilation
(Reversal action of E on blood pressure)

(α) Effects (β) Effects
❖ Coronary vessels are dilated:
➢ Vessels of the skin and mucous
membrane Constricted E is never used in angina pectoris,

➢ Portal and mesenteric vessels because it increases cardiac work
and O2 consumption.
➢ Pulmonary vasoconstriction and ❖ Skeletal muscle vessels are

 pulmonary pressure (α ).
dilated
 G.I.T.→ relaxation and decrease motility ( and  effects).

 Bronchial smooth muscle (trachea, bronchial, bronchioles) is dilated
“2 effect”.
Effect on

smooth  Uterine smooth muscle dilates ( effect) but non-pregnant uterine
muscles muscle contracts.
 Smooth muscle in the vas deferens, spleen capsule and eyelid or

nictitating membrane constricted “ effect”.
 Renal vessels constricted → decrease renal blood flow.
  blood glucose level: (  glycogenolysis, Inhibits insulin release by

(2 effect).
Metabolism:   O2 consumption & body temperature.

  release of free fatty acid from adipose tissue (3 effect)
 elevate level of cholesterol, phospholipids and lipoprotein

Effects on In man, E and other  2-agonsits cause a marked tremor.
skeletal So, generally, E facilitates neuromuscular transmissions &
muscle (2): diminishes fatigue

 E do not cross BBB, so has little effects on CNS.
CNS: if injected IV→ constriction of cerebral blood vessels → stimulate

CNS in large dose →nervousness

 Increases prothrombin production from liver (help in injury)
 Increases secretion of ACTH and cortisone
Others
(Anti-inflammatory activity)

 Antagonize effect of histamine so, useful in allergy.

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