Page 53 - phytochemistry general program
P. 53
Morphine occurs as white crystalline powder, m.p. 254-256 ˚C with .1
decomposition.,
It is levorotatory, insoluble in water, sparingly soluble in ethanol and .2
chloroform, insoluble in ether and benzene.
It contains 2 OH groups, one is a phenolic at C-3 (gives a soluble phenate .3
with fixed alkali) and the other is a 2ry alcoholic at C-6.
It precipitates from its acidic solution by addition of NH4OH, NH4Cl or .4
(NH4)2SO4 solutions. .5
On methylation of the phenolic OH group→codeine.
On heating with HC1 → apomorphine (used as emetic). .6
On acetylation → diacetylmorphine (heroine). .7
Apomorphine
when morphine is heated at 140C under pressure (in a sealed tube) with .1
HCl, apomorphine is formed. It is a semisynthetic alkaloid.
Heroine
On acetylation of morphine it gives diacetylmorphine (heroine). .1
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