Page 54 - phytochemistry general program

It is a semisynthetic alkaloid .2
It is of higher lipid solubility thanMorphine ,so penetrate CNS more rapidly .3

Test of identity for morphine:

1- Morphine gives with nitric acid a red colour changing into yellow by heating.

The colour is destroyed on adding stannous chloride.

2- Nitrous acid test: If morphine salt solution in hydrochloric acid is treated with
sodium nitrite crystals and the solution rendered alkaline with potassium

hydroxide. A rose red colour is produced.

(Nitrous acid test can be used for colourimetric determination of morphine).

3- Ferric chloride gives with morphine greenish blue colour (distinction from
codeine).

Assay of Morphine

-Colourimetric (Nitrous acid test).

- By non-aqueous titration.

Uses

Morphine act as a narcotic analgesic in a dose of 5-20 mg of morphine .1
hydrochloride, sulfate or tartrate

It acts directly on the central nervous system (CNS) to decrease the feeling .2
of pain. It can be taken for both acute and chronic pain. It can be given by
mouth, by IM, subcutaneous, IV injection and injection into the space around

the spinal cord, or rectally

Maximum effect is reached after about 20 minutes when given intravenously .3
and after 60 minutes when given by mouth, while duration of effect is 3 –

7 hours.

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