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hours after treatment, treatment should be stopped and medical advice sought.
It should never be taken orally as the dried powder, because of the possibility of bowel
obstruction.
Drug interactions
Bulking agents may reduce the absorption of certain minerals such as calcium, magnesium,
copper, and zinc, as well as vitamin B12, cardiac glycosides, and coumarin derivatives.
Concurrent use of psyllium with lithium salts has been shown to lower plasma lithium
concentrations, likely by inhibiting gastrointestinal absorption. Similarly, psyllium seeds
may decrease both the rate and extent of carbamazepine absorption, potentially leading to
subtherapeutic drug levels.
For this reason, it is recommended that the intake of psyllium and medications such as
lithium or carbamazepine be spaced apart as much as possible. Patients using these
medications alongside psyllium should have their plasma drug concentrations monitored
regularly.
Additionally, individuals with insulin-dependent diabetes may experience a reduced need
for insulin while using psyllium.
Adverse reactions
Sudden increases in dietary fiber may cause bloating. This may be reduced by gradually
increasing fiber intake, starting at one dose per day and gradually increasing to three doses
per day.

Psyllium Husk vs. Powder
Psyllium husks, which are the outer layers of the psyllium seed, are available in both loose husk and
powdered forms. When mixed with liquid, psyllium husk expands to form a gel-like substance that
increases stool bulk and helps relieve or prevent constipation. Nutritionally, the husk itself is less
concentrated. One tablespoon of psyllium powder contains around 30 calories and 7 grams of fiber,
whereas the same amount of whole psyllium husks provides roughly 18 calories and 3.5 grams of
fiber.

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