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improved by alum salt ,better aluminium phosphate or
hydroxide.
Third virus vaccine for general use :virus grown in fertile
hen’s eggs (yellow fever 1937, Influenza 1944).
Tissue cultures provide the vast quantities of virus needed
for all virus types of all vaccines that are available today .(
poliomyelitis 1949).
The immune state
Immunity =resistance to attack by microorganism
Antibodies = modified ϒ globulin
Active immunity: response of host follows infection to
invading microbes
Passive immunity: Transferred to fetus through placenta.
Passive immunity is useful in emergency ,can not be used
for elimination of disease,host may be infected ,carrier,no
clinical symptoms
Active artificial immunity: develops by vaccination
Passive artificial immunity : injection of antibody
containing serum from man or animal.It is the only mean of
eradication of disease
Natural resistance :
Some animals are naturally resistant to bacteria and viruses
which may be lethal to other animal species.
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