Page 28 - Pharmd general phytochemistry I-Final2024_LEUCTERS

Terpeneless volatile oil:
� Definition: It is the oil after the removal of terpene hydrocarbons.

Because the terpenes and sesquiterpenes oxidize and resinify easily
under the influence of air and light or under improper storage condition
which means spoilage of odor and flavor.

� Properties: with stronger odor, more soluble in alcohol, more stable.

� Preparation:
- Repeated fractional distillation.
- Chromatography.

2.1. Terpene Alcohols:

Methods for separation of Terpenes alcohols:

Most terpene alcohols are conveniently separated from volatile oils via
their crystalline additive products, which is very useful for the
identification, separation and purification of the alcohols:

1- Calcium chloride addition products:

ry Powdered anhydrous CaCl Crystalline complex
2 salt
1 alcohol /ether or benzene

Water

This addition product is formed with all 1ry alcohols ex. Geraniol, Except:
Nerol and Citronellol

2- Formation of esters:

Certain esters are useful for the isolation, purification as well as
identification of alcohols such as:

• Borates (Boric acid esters).
• Phthalates (phthalic acid esters).
• Benzoates (Benzoic acid esters).

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