Page 114 - MNU-PM502- Pharmaeutical Microbiology Theoritical Book

Pharm D- Clinical Pharmacy Program Third Level Pharmaceutical Microbiology& Antimicrobials (PM 502)

- some atypical bacteria Used for treatment of
- some mycobacteria, - Respiratory tract infections

- some spirochetes - Gonorrhea
- Typhoid

Erythromycin • The oldest of the macrolides
• Less useful than the other Macrolides in the
treatment of respiratory infection

Clarithromycin • Greater activity against aerobic Gram-positive
bacteria and H. influenzae than erythromycin
Azithromycin • Better activity against some aerobic Gram-

negative bacteria
• Taken up in high amounts by tissues and then
slowly released over subsequent days

• 5-day course of oral therapy results in therapeutic
drug levels in the blood for 10 days

Side effects

⁻ Gastric disturbances
⁻ Cholestatic jaundice
⁻ Ototoxicity at high doses

Lincosamide 50s
➢ Clindamycin & Lincomycin

➢ Only clindamycin, which is available in both oral and intravenous forms,
is commonly used today.
Mechanism: similar to that of the macrolides

Bacteriostatic
➢ Active against aerobic Gram-positive bacteria and
anaerobic bacteria G+ve bacteria

➢ NOT active against aerobic Gram-negative bacteria

Toxicity
• pseudomembranous colitis

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