Page 7 - PROPOSAL LATIP Zanamivir_Neat 2

peramivir, distilled water, starch, potassium iodate, sulphuric acid, (PT Merck Distilled

water will be purified before use with ELGA Water Purification System R15 supplied
with pump and tank (Elga Water System, UK). All other chemicals and solvents were of

analytical grade.

3.2 Formulation Development.

The formulation of Zanamivir will be using Ionic Gelation technique. The core
coating material (sodium alginate) and the mucoadhesive polymers will be dissolved in

distilled water (32 ml) to form a homogeneous polymer solution. Core material
(Zanamivir) will be added to the polymer solution and mixed thoroughly to form a

smooth viscous dispersion. The resulting dispersion will then add a thin stream to a 300

ml of arachis oil contained in a 500 ml beaker with a stirring at 400 rpm using a
mechanical stirrer. The stirring will be continued for 5 min to emulsify the added

dispersion as fine droplets. Calcium chloride (10%w/v) solution (40 ml) will then add
slowly while stirring for ionic gelation (or curing) reaction. Stirring will continue for 15

minutes to complete the curing reaction and to produce spherical microcapsules. Mixture
was then will be centrifuge and the product thus separated was washed repeatedly with

water and dried at 450 degrees for 12 h.

3.3 Preparation of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs)
Zanamivir-loaded SLNs will be prepared by a double emulsion (W/O/W) solvent

evaporation method as described previously (Cao et al., 2011). The inner aqueous phase
(10 mg/mL) will be prepared by dissolving drug in distilled water. The oil phase will be

prepared by dissolving glyceryl monostearate (12%, w/v) and soybean lecithin (4%, w/v)

in dichloromethane. 0.2 mL of the inner aqueous phase will be mixed with 1mL of the oil
phase and then subjected to an ultrasonic probe at 200 W for 60 s to obtain the primary

W/O emulsion. The double (W/O/W) emulsion will be formed after the addition of 4mL
of 1.0 % PVA solution (or 1.5 % poloxamer 188 solution) to the primary W/O emulsion

followed by sonication at 200 W for 60 s. The resulting emulsion will be kept in an ice

bath under mechanical agitation at 700 rpm 5 h to remove the organic solvent to form
SLNs. The SLN powder will be prepared by lyophilization using 5.0 % (w/v) mannitol as

a supporting agent in order to facilitate X-ray diffraction and FT-IR investigations.

3.3 Characterization study