Page 48 - Practical Handout bio 2 mnu 2025_Neat
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Level two – Semester 4 - PharmD Biochemistry-II PB-403 (Practical course) 2024/2025
I. Cells
Microscopic
hematuria as ≥ 3 red
RBCs blood cells per high-
powerfield
(RBC/HPF)
Pyuria –defined as
WBCs
>5 WBC/HPF.
Squamous: Usually
due to sample
contamination from
genital area
Epithelial cells
Epithelial cells from
any parts of urinary
tract, indicated its
injury, infection, etc.
II. Casts
Non-specific (can
• Clear healthy and
be found in
Non cellular of protein diseased
• Consists mainly
Hyaline
persons)
Advanced
Waxy Highly degraded chronic kidney
cells and proteins
disease
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