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The most suitable research type for this study was interviews.  Perjons
                     and Johannesson (2014) defined interviews as providing a structured

                     approach between the interviewer and participant.  A semi-structured

                     interview allowed the interviewer to discuss questions in a flexible way,
                     enabling  the  participant  to  voice  unrestricted  informed  opinion  on  a

                     topic.   The semi-structured interview methods enabled the author to

                     gather  qualitative  information  about  the  application  of  BD,  AI  and

                     analytics, and probe the SMEs to expand of specific areas where BD,
                     AI  and  analytics  could  potentially  be  applied  (to  enable  them  to

                     streamline their processes and increase the operations efficiency).  The

                     author  prompted  (encouraging  the  participant  to  talk)  and  probed

                     (asking more information on certain topics) throughout the interviews.
                     This empowered the author to assess and evaluate the current practical

                     applications (of BD, AI and analytics) within the wine industry life cycle

                     stages,  educating  participants  where  there  was  a  knowledge  gap  in

                     support to improve their practices within the wine industry.



                        3.5.       *taken out before sharing*




                        3.6.       Research methods (including sampling)
                     The author created a list of Italian wine organisations be region (shown

                     in table 27) and selected the region with the highest number of wine

                     organisations  (vineyards):  Tuscany.    The  author  selected  180  wine
                     organisations out of the identified 1752 wine organisations, equivalent

                     to 10.2% of  the selected list of organisations.  Since Tuscany is an

                     established  wine  producing  region  (having  the  largest  number  of

                     vineyards), then, the author selected a small sample of (180 out of
                     1752) wine organisations.  Since Tuscany wine organisations have long

                     been established and are relatively large (when compared to the UK

                     vineyards),  then,  the  author  selected  a  small  sample  which  should

                     provide a satisfactory analysis to the BD, AI and analytics applied tools.






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