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B- Membrane desalination. The newest way, but less productive than thermal
desalination.
Membrane desalination includes RO desalination and EDR desalination.
The details of each of them will be mention in the next chapters.
Thermal desalination processes have a higher capacity than the membrane process,
but the main problem is high power consumption to produced freshwater as we see
in figure (1-3 b). This high demand for energy due to the low efficiencies of
conventional cycles.
Figure 1-3 a-Global and GCC desalination plants production (Million m3/day). b-Energy consumption in
desalination plants (GWh).
Another problem for thermal desalination environmental impact. Figure(1-4) below
shows the global greenhouse gases (GHG) increasing rate per year.[2]
Figure 1-4 Environmental impact of
thermal desalination. Mt CO2→Million
tons CO2.
-4-
