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ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺜﻘﺎﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﺩﺑﻲ& ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ& ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻲ
ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺎﻣ ﺮﻔﺗﻉ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻄﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻓﺨﺎﺫ ﻭﺎﺸﻋﺮﺋ ﺃﻧﺠﺒﺖ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻴﻴﻦ ،ﻓﻐﻠﺐ
ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ 2ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻲ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻟﻴﻜﺎﺩ ﻣﻦ ﻳﻄﺎﻟﻊ ﻍ ﻛﺘﺐ ﺍﻷﺩﺏ ﻳﺤﺴﺒﻬﻢ
ﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﻦﻣﺭﺑﻴﻌﺔ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺳﺎﺋﺮ ﻗﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ ٠ﻭﻗﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺑﻜﺮ ﺑﻦ ﺭﺑﻴﻌﺔ ﻭﺣﺪﻫﺎ ﻟﻬﺎ
ﺛﻻﺛﺔ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺮﻌﺷﺍﺀ ﺍﺎﻘﻠﻌﻤﻟﺕ ﻫﻢ :ﺮﻃﻓﺔ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺤﺎﺭﺙ ﺑﻦ ﺣﻠﺰﺓ ،ﻭﺍﻷﻋﺸﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮ ،
ﻭﻟ ًﻷﻋﺸﻰ ﻣﻌﻠﻘﺘﺎﻥ ﻭﺩﻉ ﻫﺮﻳﺮﺓ ﻭﻣﺎ ﺎﻜﺑﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮﺑﺎﻷﻻﻃﻝ ﻭﻣﻌﻨﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺃﻥ ﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺣﺪﻫﻢ
ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻠﺚ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻘﺎﺕ ٠ﻭﻳﺬﻛﺮﺍﻷﻣﺪﻱ 2ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺗﻠﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﺩﻭﺍﻭﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺩﻭﺍﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺎﺋﻞ
ﻟﻘﺒﻴﻠﺔ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻭﺪﺣﺎﻫ ٠
ﻭ 2ﻣﺤﺎﻭﻟﺔ ﺃﻭﻟﻴﺔ ﻗﺎﻡ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﻟﺤﺼﺮ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ
ﺳﻜﻨﺖ ﺍﺮﺤﺒﻟﻦﻳ ﻭﻫﻤﺎ ﻗﺒﻴﻠﺘﺎ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻭﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺲ ﺗﻮﺻﻠﺖ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﺎﺋﺔ ﻭﺛﻤﺎﻥﻭﺛﻻﺛﻴﻦ ﺷﺎﻋﺮﺍ ،ﻫﺬﺍ
ﻋﺪﺍ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﺎﺋﻞ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻰ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﺃﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺯﺩ ،ﻭﻗﻀﺎﻋﺔ ،ﻭﺇﻳﺎﺩ ،ﻭﺗﻤﻴﻢ ،ﻭﺗﻐﻠﺐ-
ﻭﻋﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺣﺚ ﺑﺸﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺯ ﺑﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻘﺎﺕﺍﻟﺜﻻﺛﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻨﻴﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺸﻬﺪ ﺑﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﻣﻦ
ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ ﻭﺷﺮﺣﻬﺎ "
ﻭﻋﺰﻓﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺑﺸﻲﺀ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺯ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻲ
ﻭﺍﺳﺘﺸﻬﺪﺕ ﺑﻨﻤﺎﺫﺝ ﻣﻦ ﺷﻌﺮﻫﻢ ﻭﺷﺮﺣﻬﺎ ،ﻭﻣﻦ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ :ﻋﻤﺮﻭ ﺑﻦ ﻗﻤﻴﺌﺔ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺜﻘﺐ
ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪﻱ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﻗﺶ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﻠﻤﺲ ﺍﻟﻀﺒﻌﻲ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﻗﺶ ﺍﻷﺻﻐﺮ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﻴﺐ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻠﺲ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺨﻞ
ﺍﻟﻴﺸﻜﺮﻱ ،ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺰﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺒﺪﻱ ،ﻭﻳﺰﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺬﺍﻕ ﺍﻟﺸﻨﻲ ،ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺮﻧﻖ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻫﻔﺎﻥ ﺃﺧﺖ ﺮﻃﻓﺔ-
ﻭﺳﺠﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺍﺯﺩﻫﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻍ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻲ ﻭﻛﺜﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ،ﻭﺃﺷﺎﺭﺕ
ﺩﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﺭﻑ ﺍﻹﺳﻻﻣﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ 2ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻫﻠﻲ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻮﻣﻦﻃ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺏ
ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻴﻦ ،ﻭﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ٠ﻭﺍﻥ ﺷﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻹﻗﻠﻴﻢ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﻢ ﺎﻃﻗﺔ
ﺷﻌﺮﻳﺔ ﻫﺎﺋﻠﺔ ،ﻭﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﺃﺻﺤﺎﺏ ﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﺃﺩﺑﻲ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ :ﻭﺗﺪﻝ ﻟﻐﺔ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﺮﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻧﻨﺎ ﺃﻣﺎﻡ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ