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Xie Huan 謝環 (1388–1452) 99–105 Yi Seonggye see Taejo
Elegant Gathering in the Apricot Garden 4, 52, 84–5, 84, 99–105, 100, Yim Wonjun 任元濬 (1423–1500) 213
101 Yin 殷, Marshal, Celestial Lord 135, 137, 141
Nine Elders of the Mountain of Fragrance (Xiangshan jiulao tu Yin Qing 尹慶 (active 1400–10) 28, 29
香山九老圖) (attributed) 100, 102, 103 Yin Xiangbao 尹向寶 (fl. early 15th century) 123
Xie Jin 謝縉 (1369–1415) 97, 104, 105, 123, 129 Yongchang 永昌, Yunnan 16
Xie Zhaozhe 謝肇淛 (1567–1624) 127 Yongding 永定 River 48–9
Xin 辛, Celestial Lord 135, 137, 139, 139, 141 Yongdingmen 永定門 (Externally Pacified Gate) 66
Xin’an 新安 (She 歙 county) 59 Yongjae chonghwa 慵齋叢話 (Sayings from the Yong Studio) 217
Xingguosi 興國寺 (Temple Revitalising the State) 51 Yongle 永樂 (Zhu Di 朱棣) emperor (r. 1403–24) 2, 3, 6, 7, 15, 47–8,
Xinjiang 10, 12 69, 87, 144, 153, 224, 225
Xiudingsi 修定寺, Anyang 188n.37 administration 102, 104, 110
Xiuning 休寧 59 artefacts 78, 80, 80, 83–4, 109, 160–1, 160, 239
Xu 徐, Empress (1362–1407), wife of the Yongle emperor, Official auspicious signs 122–33
Portrait of (anonymous) 68, 69, 70, 75, 125, 154, 184 building works 47–8, 51, 107, 108, 136, 178, 184, 189–96, 201
Xu Da 徐達 (1332–85) 250 ceramics 78, 80–3, 110, 118, 182, 182, 249–51, 250
Xu Gao 徐杲 (16th century) 59 Edict in Response to the Fengtian Hall Disaster (Fengtian dian zai kuan
Painting of (Xu Gao xiang 徐杲像) (anonymous) 62–6, 63 xu zhao 奉天殿災寬恤詔) 106
Xu Hongqing 許鴻磬 66 language glossaries 207–10
Xu Jie 徐階 (1494–1574) 219n.11 legitimacy 20, 23, 26, 28, 36, 37, 38, 39, 51–2, 81, 109, 122, 127,
Xu Jin 許進 (1437–1510) 100 154, 155, 184, 255
Xu Lun 許論 (1487–1559) 100 maritime voyages 50, 106, 108, 109, 112, 199, 237, 254–5
Two Garden Gatherings (Eryuan ji 二園集) 99, 102 military campaigns
Xuande 宣德 emperor (Zhu Zhanji 朱瞻基) (r. 1426–35) 5, 75, 94, north 9–13, 107, 108, 186
95, 97, 101, 104, 110–11, 139, 219, 240 south 15–25, 26–36, 37, 38, 45, 186
portraits 146, 147, 149 paintings 159
reign portraits 85, 96–7, 98, 122, 146, 147, 149
artefacts 73–4, 75, 78, 78, 80, 81, 83, 146, 148, 237 records 94–8, 109, 224–6
maritime voyages 106, 110–11, 112, 237 religion 123, 124, 125, 134, 136–7, 139, 140
mark 80, 81, 154 Daoist 3, 163
writing style 129 Tibetan Buddhism 3, 34, 35, 136, 153–5, 154, 168
and Tibetan Buddhism 155, 159, 161 seal script 80, 81
and Wulun shu 219, 220, 221, 225 usurpation 2, 6, 11, 15, 37, 47, 94, 109, 122, 127
see also Da Baoensi pagoda; Hu, Empress; Qutansi; Sun, see also Da Baoensi
Empress; Veritable Records Yongle beizang 永樂北藏 (Yongle Northern Tripitaka) 34
Xuanguang reign 9 Yongle tongbao 永樂通寶 (Circulating treasure of the Yongle era)
Xuanhe bogu tu system 114, 114, 115, 117, 117 coin 251
Xuanzang 玄奘 (602?–64) Da Tang Xiyu ji 大唐西域記 (Records of the Yongshougong 永壽宮 (Palace of Eternal Longevity) 66
Western Regions [Visited During] the Great Tang Dynasty) 34, 34 Yongzheng 雍正 emperor (1723–35) 114
Xương Giang 42 Youguosi 佑國寺 (Protecting the State Monastery), Tieta 鐵塔
(Iron Pagoda) 186
Yaliekunaier 亞烈苦柰兒 or Aliekunaier 阿烈苦柰兒 ([Vira] Yu 裕 Mausoleum of the Thirteen Ming Tombs (Ming shisan ling
Alakésware or Alagakkonāra) 30–1 明十三陵) 59
Yan, Mount 燕山 52 Yu Xuekui 余學夔 (1372–1444) 103
Yang Ding 楊鼎 (1410–85) 221 Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) 1, 3, 9–11, 13, 26, 27, 39, 41, 74, 75, 201,
Yang 楊, Empress (1162–1232), wife of Emperor Ningzong, Official 238, 239
Portrait of (anonymous) 70, 71 ceramics 85, 117, 187, 246, 247, 248, 248, 249
Yang Pu 楊溥 (1372–1446) 95, 101, 102, 103, 105, 163 construction 47, 49, 50, 53, 191, 192, 193, 194
Yang Rong 楊榮 (1371–1440) 95, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 109, literature and music 6, 89, 90, 91
129 paper money 172, 173
Yang Sanbao 楊三寶 (active early 15th century) 157 portraits 71, 72, 72, 146, 149, 243
Yang Shiqi 楊士奇 (1365–1444) 10–11, 99–105, 109, 111, 129 rituals and ritual vessels 114, 135, 136
Record of Imperial Pronoucements 94–8 Tibetan Buddhism 153, 154, 168, 180
Yang Yiqing 楊一清 (1454–1530) 98, 225 Yuan Gong 袁珙 (1335–1410) 122
Yangtze River 3, 52, 148, 163, 205 Yuan Hongdao 袁宏道 (1568–1610) 145, 163
Yao 堯 (sage-king) 224 Yuan Qi 袁琦 (act. 1427) 161
Yao Canting 姚灿庭 (Qing dynasty) 59 Yuan Zhongdao 袁中道 (1570–1623) 163
Yao Guangxiao 姚廣孝 (1335–1418) see Daoyan Yuan Zongdao 袁宗道 (1560–1600) 163
Yaozhou ware 117 Yue ware, Shanga 246, 247
Ya’qub ibn Hasan (known as Siraj al-Husayni al-Sultani) 232 Yuegang 月港 (Moon Harbour) 255, 256
Yazd, Iran 229 Yuhuchun vase, Gedi Ruin 248
Ye Sheng 葉盛 (1420–74) 225 Yunhuatai 蕓花臺 179
Ye Wang (Ye dbang) ‘Prince of Yan 燕’ see Yongle Yunnan 雲南 province 10, 15–16, 15–17, 18, 19, 22, 24n.3, 33, 39,
Yebanaina 耶巴乃那 ([Parākramābahu] Apana?) 31 108, 207
Yellow River 123, 128, 129 Yuquan 玉泉 (Jade Spring) canal 49, 50
Yi Gyejeon 李季甸 (1404–59) 215 Yuquansi 玉泉寺 (Monastery of Jade Spring) 164

Index | 299