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16. Kazemi Koohbanani, H., Zarei, A. and Erfani, N. (2019), "Measuring the librarians‘
quality of working life in the Iranian public libraries", Library Management, Vol. 40 No.
8/9, pp. 532-542. https://doi.org/10.1108/LM-11-2018-0089
In this journal, the author identifies the librarians‘ quality of working life (QWL) in the Iranian
public libraries. The definition of quality of working life (QWL), first developed independently in
the 1970s, is an approach aimed at enhancing the QWL of employed people and aims to fulfil the
needs of an employee who, along with other factors of production such as income, has degraded
to a production factor and has become self-alienated (Adhikari and Gautam, 2010).
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