Page 45 - BUKU SYNOPSIS

2) Model of Argumentative Writing

There are three common models of argumentative writing which

serve different purposes; 1) the Classical model aims to persuade or

convince the readers, 2) the Rogerian model focuses on finding the middle

ground between the audience and the writer, 3) the Toulmin model is used

when there are no clear or absolute solutions to the issues and problem

(Cathy, 2022; Kurtz, 2019). The characteristics of three models are

described in Table 1;

Table 1. Argumentative Writing Models

Classical Model Toulmin Model Rogerian Model
1. An introduction where 1. Make a claim 1. Discuss what the

you introduce the central 2. Provide opposing position gets
message of your paper the grounds (evidence) for right and why people

(the thesis statement). the claim might hold this position
2. Background of the 3. Explain the warrant (how 2. Highlight

subject where you the grounds support the the problems with this

introduce early studies claim) position
about the topic. 4. Discuss 3. Present your own

3. Main arguments — Talk possible rebuttals to the position, showing how it
about the main points of claim, identifying the addresses these problems

your position. limits of the argument and 4. Suggest a

4. Refutation — Here is showing that you have possible compromise—
where your considered alternative what elements of your

counterarguments come perspectives. position would
into place. Introduce the proponents of the

opposite side you will opposing position benefit

from adopting?

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