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PAGE 38 | MOW 13 Exploring Indonesia
Exploring Indonesia
The Manuscript of Sang Hyang Siksa Kandang Karesian
The Sanghyang Siksa Kandang Karesian (SSKK) manuscript is a 16th-
century Old Sundanese manuscript written on rare gebang leaves in 1518
AD. This manuscript is stored at the National Library of Indonesia under
the catalog number 630. Written in mountain script and Old Sundanese, a
language that is no longer spoken. This manuscript consists of 22
chapters containing social rules, moral teachings, and Sundanese
customary law, as well as serving as a kind of encyclopedia of Sundanese
culture in the past. Since it was first discovered and handed over by
Raden Saleh to the Bataviasch Genootschap in 1867, the SSKK has
continued to be an important source of interdisciplinary research that
provides insight into the history and civilization of the Sundanese,
Indonesia, and the pre-colonial world. The manuscript has been
designated as Memory of the World register by UNESCO in 2025

