Page 1044 - The Toxicology of Fishes

1024 The Toxicology of Fishes

embryotoxicity, benzo(a)pyrene, 44 neoplasia, and, 534
enclosures, 737 8-oxo-dG in, 546
Endangered Species Act (ESA), 879 PAHs, and, 694, 695
endobiotics, 154, 164, 167, 186, 353, 355 Rb protein in, 560
endocrine cells, 402 Pleuronectes vetulus, 212
endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), 167, 256, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and, 541
354, 355, 357, 458, 467–468, 471–474, 772, reproductive toxicity in, 895–897
948, 978, 981, 991, 995 enhancement, of chemical carcinogenesis, 563,
endocrine disruption, 4, 355, 357, 822, 838, 945, 566, 568
948, 978, 995 eNOS, 276
endocrine glands, 457 enterocytes, 71, 74, 356, 361, 406, 408
endocrine system, 5, 336, 356, 410–411, 421, 438, environment, toxic exposure and, 58–60, 67
442, 457–478 Environmental Effects Monitoring (EEM), 934,
endogenous compounds, 183, 190, 199, 285, 330, 946, 951, 953, 955
359, 947 environmental exposure concentrations (EECs),
endogenous metabolites, 694–696 676
endonuclease IV, 286 environmental fate modeling, 134
endoplasmic reticulum, 155, 175, 183, 184, 277, environmental pollutants, 498–512, 532, 534–535
292, 298, 336, 354, 373 environmental toxicology, 758–760
granular, 336, 340, 341 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs),
rough, 350, 373, 374, 376 160, 688, 886
smooth, 373, 376 enzymes, 70, 92, 93, 120, 236, 244, 253, 256, 277,
endosulfan, 374, 439, 476, 806 278, 283, 287, 366, 432, 467, 499
endothelial cells, 425 antioxidant, 278–283, 301–302, 304, 305,
sinusoidal, 340–341, 368, 370 607, 693–694, 712, 798
endothelial nitrix oxide synthases, 276 as markers for biliary epithelial cells, 338
endothelium biotransformation, 71, 82
capillary, 108 CYP2B-like, 164
cerebrovascular, 443 CYP2E-like, 166
sinusoidal, 341 CYP2M-like, 167
vascular, 843 CYP3A, 169, 172, 174
endpoints, 761, 762, 808, 902 cytochrome P450, see cytochrome P450
criteria for, 666–669 cytosolic, 180, 191, 331, 350
selection of for research, 745 DNA glycosylases, 549
endrin, 80, 439, 625, 806, 809, 812 expoxide hydrolase, 180
branchial uptake of, 67 flavin-containing monooxygenases, see
extraction efficiency, 67 flavin-containing monooxygenases
English rivers, treated sewage effluent, and, glutathione S-transferase; see also
971–995 glutathione S-transferase
English sole, 208, 374, 575, 576 alpha-class, 191, 193, 194, 196
adduct formation in, 575 pi-class, 191, 192, 194, 198, 209
GST–CDNB conjugation in, 196 Rho-class, 192
hepatic tumors in, 710 theta-class, 191, 192, 196, 212
Parophrys vetulus, 889, 890, 890–892, hepatic biotransformation, 369
894–897, 899, 901, 902–911 inactivation of, 293
case study, 902–911 ion-translocating, 403
CYP1A in, 889 liver detoxification, 944, 947
DNA damage in, 888 metabolic, 349, 350
growth, 901 metabolizing, 154–175, 575
2+
hepatic DNA adducts in, 887 Mg -requiring, 441
hepatic lesions in, 888, 894–895, 902, microsomal, 180
903, 906, 911 mixed-function oxygenase, see mixed-
liver cancer in, 894–895 function oxygenases (MFOs)