Page 1090 - The Toxicology of Fishes
P. 1090
1070 The Toxicology of Fishes
white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) CYP2, and, 164
cholangiocellular neoplasms in, 534 CYP2K1, and, 167
gonad development in, 81 CYP2N metabolism of, 167
liver neoplasms in, 710 CYP3A, and, 169
papillomas in, 548 dermal uptake of, 112–114
reproductive impairment in, 945, 948 dietary uptake of, 114–117
TCDD sensitivity, 843 diffusion of, 60–62
vitamin A in, 847 via paracellular pathways, 63
whole-genome duplication, in fish, 237 distribution of, 56, 57, 60, 63, 77–82, 96
Wilcoxon rank sum statistic, 746 electrophysiology, and, 427
Wilson’s disease, 442 elimination of, 57, 60, 62, 82–91, 96, 106; see
winter flounder, 206, 712 also elimination
adduct formation in, 575 embryos, and, 174
MDR expression in, 692 endocrine-disrupting, 458, 467, 471–474, 772
Pleuronectes americanus, 166, 172 endoplasmic reticulum proliferation, and, 373
AhRs in, 827 epoxide hydrolase, and, 182
PAHs, and, 512 estrogenic, 469, 566
P-glycoprotein in, 362 excretion of, 56, 57, 58, 62, 75, 85; see also
Pseudopleuronectes americanus, 213; see excretion
also white flounder dermal, 90–91
neoplasms in, 576 urinary, 58, 86–90
ras gene in, 557 fate of in liver, 352
spleen, pulp-mill effluents and, 374 genetic effects of, 622–624
wood extractives, 957 glucuronides of, 186
worms, oligochaete, 31 glutathione S-transferase induction by, 198
worms, polychaete, 43 hydrolytic biotransformation of, 182
hydrophillic, 425
X hydrophobicity of, 429–430
xanthine oxidase, 179, 277, 288, 295, 298 ingestion of, 57
X-associated protein 2 (XAP2), 160 inhalation of, 57
xenobiotic compounds, see xenobiotics locomotion, and, 428
xenobiotic–DNA adducts, 895 maternal transfer of, 91
xenobiotic response elements (XREs), 184, 188, membranes, and, 60–63
189, 253, 283, 616, 692, 693 metabolism of, 155, 288, 330, 349, 350, 352
xenobiotics, 56, 154, 155, 174, 200, 257, 277, 355, metabolites of, 362, 364
365, 426, 605, 947 mitochondrial electron transport, and, 299
absorption of, 56, 57, 60, 63–77, 96 nervous system, and, 425, 426
dermal, 76–77 neuronal ion channels, and, 429
gastrointestinal, 71–75 oxidative metabolism of, 277
acetylation of, 206, 207 P-glycoprotein, and, 365, 366
AhR-binding, 367 phase II conjugates of, 352
antiandrogenic, 472 phenolic, 204
as flavin-containing monooxygenase plasma transport and binding, and, 79–80
substrates, 176 potency of, 429
as GST inducers, 197 predator–prey interactions, and, 428
as UDP-glucuronosyltransferase substrates, prooxidant, 303
188 redistribution of in reproducing fish, 81–82
biotransformation of, 56 resistance to, 620, 627
branchial absorption of, 65–69 respiratory–cardiovascular responses to, 428,
carcinogenicity of, 162 437
cholinesterase-inhibiting, 214 spawning, and, 91
clearance of, 92–96 sulfonation of, 204
conjugated, 85 toxicokinetics, 57
