Page 1088 - The Toxicology of Fishes

1068 The Toxicology of Fishes

trophic levels, 18, 19, 20, 35, 37, 38, 39, 42, 126, stomach, 540, 563, 564, 567, 569, 572
129, 134, 734, 740, 741, 742, 743, 791, 926, swim bladder, 540, 564, 567, 569, 572
946–947 turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), 172, 177
troponin T2, 252 DT diaphorase in, 694
trout, 85, 114, 120, 194, 339 larval, 208
2-acetylaminofluorene, and, 369 MDR expression in, 692
acetaminophen, and, 370 P-glycoprotein, and, 362
β-naphthoflavone exposure, 198 two-compartment model, 102–105
carbon tetrachloride, and, 371 tyrosine, 294, 477, 503
copper, and, 403, 787 tyrosine kinase protooncogene, 577
densities of, in Clark Fork River, 797 tyrosine residues, 555
GST-A4 in, 194
in Clark Fork River, 795–800 U
lake, see lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
PCBs, and, 694 guidelines, 4
rainbow, see rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus ubiquinol, 285
mykiss) ubiquinone, 303
tissues, pyrene in, 119 UDP-glucuronic acid (UDPGA), 184, 185, 187
vitamin D receptor in, 356 binding, 184
trunk kidney, 166, 167 UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, 160, 183–190,
tryptophan, 294 205, 208, 282, 288, 302, 352, 692
tryptophan dioxygenase, 277 gene structure, 184
tryptophan hydroxylase, 468 inhibition of, 189–190
tubule lumen, 88, 89 peptides of, 187
tubules, 332, 335, 343, 409 phenol-type, 190
tumor necrosis factor (TNF), 288, 493, 494 piscine, enzymology of, 187–188
tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), 495 regulation of, 188–189
tumor promoters, 507, 536, 537, 542, 544, substrate specificity of, 185–187
563–565, 578 tissue distribution of, 188
tumor suppressor genes, 554, 559–561 UDP-glycosyltransferase, 184
classes of, 559–561 UGT genes, 184
retinoblastoma, 559 UGT1A, 184, 188
tumorigenesis, 563, 564, 576 UGT1A1, 188, 354
AFB -induced, 213, 564, 571 UGT1A6, 183, 188
1
liver, 565 UGT1B1, 184, 188, 189
MNNG, 572 UGT2, 184
promoters of, 563–565 UGT6220, 188
temperature, and, 569 ultraviolet, 300, 303, 343, 356, 549, 550, 560, 562,
tumors, 533, 534, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 540, 605
541, 543, 548, 556, 557, 560, 566, 568, 570, Umbra limi, 623
571, 572, 573, 576 undirected locomotion, 428
AFB -induced, 539, 540; see also univariate methods, 746
1
carcinogenesis: AFB -induced, 539, unsaturated fatty acids, 208, 295, 372
1
540 unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS), 551
biliary, 537, 572 uptake rates, 27, 128, 679, 883, 884; see also
embryonic, 562 specific types
eye, 559, 560 uranium, genetic diversity, and, 623
kidney, 564, 572 urea, 177
liver, 377, 533, 534, 537, 540, 541, 543, 556, uric acid, 285
557, 558, 560, 562, 563, 564, 565, 566, uridine diphosphate–glucuronosyltransferase, see
567, 568, 569, 570, 571, 572, 574, 576, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase
619, 620, 710 uridine diphosphoglucuronic acid, see
spindle cell, 548 UDP-glucuronic acid