Page 449 - Feline Cardiology

474 Index

Calcium gluconate Cardiac lymphoma, syncope and, 15 Cardiac silhouette
hyperkalemia addressed with, 312 Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, 137 clock face superimposed on, localizing
indications, dosage, available sizes, 445 assessment of diastolic left ventricular important structures, 41, 42
Calcium handling, altered, impaired early function by, 147 double, in obese cat without heart
relaxation in HCM and, 114 delayed enhancement, in cats with disease, 40, 42
Calcium infusions, intravenous, severe HCM, 146 in obese cats, radiography and, 40
hyperkalemia and, 248 diastolic function assessed with, pericardial effusion and, 346
Calcium overload, diastolic dysfunction 146–147 pleural effusion and, 21, 21
and, 262 endocardial and epicardial tracing to radiography and, 38
Candesartan, 289 quantify myocardial mass in cat Cardiac tamponade, 284
Canned cat food, hyperthyroidism and, with HCM using, 144 assessing, 279
398–399 four-chamber long-axis view and short- pericardial effusion and, 345, 347
Carbimazole, 404 axis view of heart of cat with Cardiac troponin-C, 70
Cardiac amyloidosis, 121 HCM using, 144, 144 Cardiac troponin-I (cTn-I), 70
Cardiac angle, flattened, aging in cats and, HCM in cats and, 142–147 cardiomyopathies and, 150
9, 39, 40 for left ventricular mass quantification, congestive heart failure and, 283–284
Cardiac arrest, 29–34, 237 144–145 elevated levels of, assays and, 72
asystole with, misleading equivalence, myocardial fibrosis assessed with, half-life of, 71
29 145–146 HCM and, 150
defined, 29 normal values, feline, inside covers hyperthyroidism and, 403
electrocardiograms of rhythms in, 32 technique of, 143–144 reference ranges for normal cats, 71
prognosis for CPCR and, 34 Cardiac murmurs, 6 (box 8.1)
Cardiac arrhythmias. See Arrhythmias auscultation and, 6 Cardiac troponins, 70–71
Cardiac auscultation, 5–11 causes of, 7 Cardiac troponin-T, 70, 71
abnormal, congestive heart failure and, Cardiac necropsy techniques, in cats Cardiac tumors, 201–204
271 suspected of dying from, 111 Cardiac ultrasound, for cats with
systemic hypertension and, 333 (box 11.1) abnormal cardiac auscultation,
Cardiac axis, in DV or VD projection, Cardiac neoplasia, 201–203 415
40–41 diagnostic testing, 202–203 Cardiocare NT-proBNP assay, 149
Cardiac biomarkers. See Biomarkers, advanced tests, 203 Cardiogenic effusions, 22
cardiac initial tests, 202–203 pleural, fluid characteristics of, 282
Cardiac catheterization, echocardiography differential diagnosis, 202 Cardiogenic pulmonary edema, 274, 275
and supplanting of, 51 etiology, pathophysiology, and gross Cardiomegaly
Cardiac chambers, defining, radiography pathology, 201 HCM diagnosis and, confirming
and, 39, 41 history and chief complaint, 201–202 presence of, 125
Cardiac depolarization/repolarization, outcome and prognosis, 203 heartworm disease and, 357
sequence of, in normal cat, physical examination, 202 Cardiomyocytes, identifying mutations in
217 signalment, 201 proteins within, molecular
Cardiac disease. See also Anesthesia in treatment, 203 techniques for, 107
patient with cardiac disease Cardiac output Cardiomyopathies
feline asthma concurrent with, heart rate and effect on, 214, 214 arterial thromboembolism and, 305
375–376 normal values, feline, inside covers distinguishing between, 110
idiopathic cystitis/feline lower urinary Cardiac pseudohypertrophy, 379 Cardiopulmonary arrest
tract signs and, 373–374 Cardiac screening programs, 425–428 defined, 29
modes of inheritance for, 425 congenital defects diagnosis of, 29
unrelated pleural effusion concurrent adult onset disease, 426 differential diagnosis, 29–30
with, 377–379 diagnosis of, 426 outcome for, 34
critical care requiring fluid therapy recommendations for, 426 treatment
in cat with, 378–379 genetic screening, 427–428 algorithm for, 31
Cardiac disorders heteroygous cats, 428 CPCR, stepwise process in, 30, 32–33
functional classification of, 412–413 homozygous cats, 428 treatment of, 30, 32–34
renal disorders concurrent with, mutation screening, 427–428 Cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation
principles for management of, recommendations, 428 algorithm for treatment, monitoring,
368 HCM, 426–427 and decision-making during, 31
Cardiac event monitors, diagnosis, 426–427 contraindications to, 30
electrocardiography and, 80, 81 recommendations, indeterminate or positive response to, 34
Cardiac hypertrophy, congestive heart affected, 427 synchronizing complete effort with,
failure and, 43 signalment, 426 33–34
Cardiac index, normal values, feline, modes of inheritance, 425–426 Cardio-renal-anemia syndrome, heart
inside covers other forms of cardiomyopathy, 428 failure and, 269