Page 335 - Zoo Animal Learning and Training

Appendix Suffixes, Prefixes, and Anatomic Terms (Roots) 319

Relationships/directions Epi‐ Upon, addition Epiglottis,
English form Meaning Example to, after epistaxis
A‐, an‐ Negative, without, Ametria, atrophy En‐, endo‐ (n can change In, on Endoscopy,
absence to m, b, p, or ph) endocarditis
A‐, ad‐ (can become Away from Abnormal, abduct, Eso‐ Inside Esophagus
af‐, vs. ef meaning afferent Re‐, retro‐ (o can Behind, backward Retrodeviation,
away from), abs‐ change to a) retract
Ad‐ Toward Adduct, addiction
Ant‐, anti‐ Oppose, prevent, Antibiotic Direction
inhibit English form Meaning Example
Ante‐ Before Antemortum Cept‐ Receive, take Intercept
Ob‐ (b can change Against, toward Obturator, Later‐ (vs. lat‐ meaning Side Lateral
to c) occlude carry or bear)
Im‐ Not, negative Impossible Medi‐ Middle Mediolateral
Contra‐ Against Contrary Dorso‐ Back Dorsum
Com‐, con‐ (changes With, together Contraction, Ventro‐ Below Ventral
to co‐ before vowels) cooperate
Post‐ After, behind Postoperative
Pan‐ All, universal Panleukopenia
Vert‐ Turn Diverticulum
Omni‐ All, universal Omniverous
Trop‐ Turn Tropism
Trans‐ Through Transparent
Levo‐ To the left Levotorsion
Amphi‐ (i can change Both, doubly Amphibious,
to a), ambi‐ (ph ambidextrous Sinistr‐ Left Sinistrad
changed to b) Dextr‐ To the right, Dextrocardia,
two ambidextrous
Sym‐, syn‐ Together, with Symphysis,
synthesis
Size, number
Juxta‐ Near, close Juxtaposition
Para‐ Apart, beside, Paranormal English form Meaning Example
beyond Arith‐ Number Logarithm
Homo‐, hom‐ Same, alike Homogenized Nan‐ Dwarf Nanotechnology
Iso‐ Same Isomer Micr‐ Small Microcyte
Hetero‐ Different, other Heterogeneous Mega‐, megal‐ (can Large, great, Megalothymus,
Ultra‐ High, beyond Ultraviolet also be a suffix) attached to splenomegaly
Meta‐ After, beyond, Metastasis Semi‐ Half Semiconscious
accompanying Hol‐ Whole Hologram
Epi‐ Above, on top Epidermis Brachy‐ Short Brachycephalic
Super‐, supra‐ Above, beyond, Supernatant Doli‐ Long Doliocephalic
extreme
Olig‐ Few, small Oligouria
Hyper‐ Above, beyond, Hypermotility Poly‐ Many Polydactyl
extreme
Multi‐ Many, much Multitude
Sub‐ (b can change to Beneath, below Sublingual,
f or p) suppository Uni‐ One Uniform
Hypo‐ Below, Hypothermia Mon‐ Only, sole Monochromatic
underneath Di‐ (vs. dia‐ meaning Two, twice Dimorphic,
through, apart), bi‐ bisexual
In‐ (n can change to Negative, beneath Invalid
l, m, r) Tri‐ Three Triplets
Infra‐ Beneath Infraorbital Quad‐, quadra, tetra‐ Four Quadrangle,
tetradactyly
Inter‐ Between, among Interstitial
Peri‐ Around Perinatal Pent‐ (vs. pen‐ Five Pentapeptide,
meaning lack or need, quintuplets
Circum‐ Around Circumcise pet‐ meaning seek,
Ec‐, ect‐, ex‐ (c can Out, outside, away Ectoderm, excrete toward, and pex‐
change to x) from meaning fix or make
Extra‐ Outside, beyond Extracellular fast), quin‐, qui‐