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3. The binding force is strictly electrostatic.
4. No. of +ve charge is equal to no. of –ve charge.
5. The attractive bonding forces are coulombic; that is’ positive and negative ions, by
virtue of their net electrical charge, attract one another.
Example 1: IONIC BONDING Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
Sodium is a metal and has one electron valence. Chlorine is non-metal and has 7 electrons in
the outer shell. Sodium donates one electron to Chlorine, so that its electron complete 8 in the
outer shell such as given Figure 2.10. Since Sodium donates 1 electron, it becomes positive
ion, and Chlorine which receives one electron, it becomes negative ion.
Figure 2.10, Sodium and Chlorine ionic compound
Example 2: IONIC BONDING Magnesium Oxide (MgO)
Magnesium is a metal and has two electrons valence. Oxygen is non-metal and has 6
electrons in the outer shell. Magnesium donates two electrons to Oxygen, so that its electron
complete 8 in the outer shell such as given picture above. Since Magnesium donates 2
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