Page 401 - Ranah Studi Agraria: Penguasaan Tanah dan Hubungan Agraris

Ranah Studi Agraria

relatively ‘purely’ agricultural village, with two-thirds of all
income deriving from agriculture.
To examine first the income sources of ‘landless agricul-
tural laborer’ households we have eliminated a small number

of landless households (15 of landless households, 7.5 of all
households) whose members are not engaged in any kind of
agricultural activity. These include, for example, ‘young’ house-
holds who have not yet inherited land from relatively wealthy
parents and in-migrant households with relatively good in-
comes from trade or industrial or salaried employment, whose
incomes are on the whole higher than those of small-farm and
landless agricultural worker households (cf. Table 7.11). Thus,
Table 7.11 covers only those landless households whose mem-
bers obtained some agricultural wage income during the year.
For these households, agricultural wages provide only a small
proportion of total incomes in all cases, and nonfarm sources
easily outweigh agricultural incomes with the single excep-
tion of Mariuk. Petty trade and nonagricultural (casual) wage
labor (columns 6 and 8 of Table 7.12) provide significant
sources of income in all villages and in some cases secure sala-
ried jobs (Kebanggan, Sukosari, Janti) such as school atten-
dants or in local factories. Household industries are surpris-

ingly unimportant, and the low figures provide some support
for the impression that many traditional crafts are declining
under the impact of competition with urban-produced substi-
tutes. ‘Service’ sector incomes are prominent only in Wanarata,
and in this case mainly derived from becak (pedicab) driving.
In only a few cases (brick and rooftile industries in Sentul,
kerupuk [shrimp-cracker] production in Janti, metal working

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