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17. A. Risk triggers are symptoms or signs that a risk event is about to occur.
18. C. Sharing is a positive risk strategy. The negative risk strategies are avoid, transfer,
mitigate, and accept.
19. A. When project costs are displayed graphically over time, they represent an S
curve. This is because spending starts out slowly on the project, picks up speed
during the middle of the project, and tapers off at the end.
20. C, F. The risk score is calculated by multiplying the probability by the impact.
Probability is the likelihood a risk event will occur. It is expressed as a number from
0.0 to 1.0. Impact is the consequence of the risk event if it occurs and can also be
expressed as a number from 0.0 to 1.0.
Chapter 8: Communicating the Plan
1. C, E, F. A communication plan is developed to determine who needs
communication, when, in what format, and the frequency of the communications.
Once the plan is developed, it’s used to update stakeholders, team members,
vendors, and others who need information on the project.
2. D. In the sender-message-receiver model, the receiver is responsible for
understanding the information correctly and making certain they’ve received all the
information.
3. A. There are four participants in the meeting and six lines of communication. The
formula for this is 4(4 – 1) ÷ 2 = 6.
4. C. Gate reviews are a communication trigger. Language barriers, cultural
differences, and others are factors that influence communication methods.
5. B. Frequency, level of report detail, types of communication, confidentially
constraints, and tailor communication styles are all stakeholder communication
requirements.
6. A. One of the purposes of a kickoff meeting is to introduce team members to each
other. Video conferencing would be the best choice so that team members can see
each other during introductions as well as hear the project goals and so on.
7. G. All of the options are considered communication methods. You should tailor the
method of communication to the audience.
8. C. Communications planning is the process of identifying who needs to receive
information on the project, what information they need, and how they will get that
information.
9. B. The only factor influencing communications listed in the options provided is
personal preference. All the incorrect options are communication methods.
10. D. Intraorganizational differences affect different departments across the
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