Page 564 - Essencials of Sociology

SUBJECT INDEX S-5

Expressive leaders, 149 political issues related to, 342 G suicide in relation to, 6
Eye color, 379 population/family size for, 440 G7/G8 (Group of 7/8), 477–78, 480 traditional model of, 296
Eye contact, 114 social structure/societal bonds in, Gangs U.S. gender inequality, 302–8
107, 109 violence based on, 300, 313–15
societies based on, 191, 297, 349, deviance and crime in, 162–63, 166, work and workplace issues related to,
F 172
474–75 143–44, 296, 297, 298–99, 303–4,
Facebook, 136, 145, 203 urban development and efficiency of, 455 group function of, 129, 133, 135, 307–8, 308–13, 315, 372–73
162–63
Face-saving behavior, 117 Fatherhood, status of, 446 motorcycle, 54, 166 Generalized other, 72, 73
Facial expressions, 76, 77, 114 Federal Empowerment Zone, 470 research among, 28, 162–63, 166, Genetics
Famadihana, 42 Feelings. See Emotions 172 eye color and, 379
Families, 366–401. See also Children Femininity, 119, 292, 295–96, 316 Gatekeeping, educational, 409–10 genetically modified organisms, 444
and adolescents; Marriage Feminism, 302–4, 314. See also genetic manipulation, 379
authority in, 334, 369, 371 Women’s movement Gays and lesbians. See Homosexuals and genetic predispositions, 161
homosexuality
blended, 385, 387, 395 Feral children, 66–68 Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft, 107–8, human genome system, 254, 350,
bright side of family life, 397–98 Fertility, 449. See also Birth rate 109, 475 475
childbirth impacting, 378–79, 389, Firestone, 172 Gender, 291–316. See also Men and nature vs. nurture debate on, 66, 67
390 (see also Childbirth) Folkways, cultural, 51 racial characteristics transmitted via,
boys; Women and girls
childless or childfree, 385 Food affirmative action based on, 285–87, 253–54
child rearing impacting, 379–81 (see bioengineered, 443–44 307 sociobiology on importance of,
also Child rearing) biofuels from, 444 59–60, 161
conflict theory on, 17–18, 372 cities and urban areas not produc- age and, 316–17, 323 Genie (socialization case example),
automobiles changing gender roles,
cultural influences on, 56, 367–71 ing, 455 485 69–70
dark side of family life, 396–97 cultural differences of, 38, 43 body image and physical appearance Genocide, 254, 267–69, 283, 478
definition and description of, 367–68 gender roles and food preparation, in relation to, 79, 81, 117, 118 Gentrification, urban, 460, 461
descent in, 369 299, 300 conflict theory on, 18 Geography and geographic distribution
deviance and crime influenced by, 162 global stratification and access to, 209 cultural influences on, 38, 39, 61, death penalty in relation to, 180, 181
diversity in U.S., 381–88 population in relation to supply of, 80, 292 of divorced Americans, 392
divorce impacting, 385, 387, 388, 439, 443–46 death penalty in relation to, 180 of elderly population, 318, 319, 322
390–95, 398 (see also Divorce) postindustrial food production, 350 geo-political borders and minority
domestic violence in, 21, 22–30, 314, social class and access to, 232, 240 definition of, 292 status, 257–58
deviance and crime in relation to,
396–97 starvation from lack of, 443–46 of hazardous waste sites, 491
education replacing functions of, 410 Football, social structure in, 101 161, 173, 177, 178, 180, 181, of income, 207–8
294–95, 302–3
elderly adult care in, 92, 390, 446 Footbinding, 300 discrimination and prejudice based of minority and dominant groups,
emotions and emotional overload Ford Motor Company, 171 on, 8, 9, 55, 133, 291–316, 323 272, 274, 283
in, 371 Foreign Miners Act (1850), 281 of political party affiliation, 339
extended, 368, 371, 383, 384 Formal operational stage of develop- educational issues of, 8, 9, 197, 285– of poverty, 243
87, 303, 305–8, 309–10, 414
family structure, 386 ment, 73 emotional expression influenced by, of urban and rural areas, 458–60
functionalism on, 15–17, 371 Formal organizations, 136–44 77 of violent crime, 173
future of, 398–99 bureaucracies as, 136–42, 334, 430 familial messages and roles related to, of women in workforce, 309
gender messages and roles in, 18, corporations as, 142–44 (see also 18, 78–79, 296, 300, 367, 372–74 Georgia
78–79, 296, 300, 367, 372–74 Corporations) elderly adults in, 317
global perspectives on, 367–71, 374 post-natural disaster role of, 124 friend and peer influences on, 79, 81 ethnic conflicts in, 478
future trends related to, 316
group function of, 104, 130, 131, Fossil fuels, 492, 494. See also Oil gender equality and social change, Germany
145–46, 162 industry economy in, 264–65, 266
481
home schooling by, 403, 411 France gender map, 78 environmental issues in, 494
honor killings by, 300 colonialism by, 211 gender messages, 78–83 G7/G8 participation of, 477
households vs., 368 culture in, 43 gender roles, 8, 79, 295–96, 372–74, immigrants from, 48
incest and incest taboo in, 51, 59, French Revolution, 4 485 industrialization in, 211
369, 371, 397 G7/G8 participation of, 477 marriage and family in, 397
industrialization impacting, 16–17, industrialization in, 211 gender stratification, 191, 194, 197, Most Industrialized Nation status
291–316
369 Most Industrialized Nation status of, 206
inheritance in, 196, 369 of, 206 gender tracking, 308 Nazis/World War II role of, 67, 133,
glass ceiling based on, 310, 311–12,
life cycle of, 374–81 wild boy of Aveyron in, 67–68 315 153, 254, 257, 265–66, 269, 363,
naming patterns in, 371 Freedom global perspectives on, 292, 293, 481
nuclear, 368, 371 cultural values related to, 55 297–301 politics and government in, 335, 363,
of orientation, 368 free trade, 357 health care impacted by, 304–5 477, 494
poverty impacting, 242, 245, 382, religious, 432 income disparities based on, 197, population in, 451
384–85 Friends and peers social interaction in, 114
298, 308–11
of procreation, 368 deviance and crime influenced by, infanticide based on, 452, 453 Gerotranscendence, 322
racial-ethnic influences on, 281, 368, 162–63 (see also Gangs) labels based on, 291 Gestures, 45–46
369, 374, 376, 382–84, 391, 392 gender messages among, 79, 81 masculinity, femininity and, 119, 163, Glass ceiling, 310, 311–12, 315
(see also Interracial/interethnic mar- group function of, 130, 132, 134–35, 292, 295–96, 314–15, 316 Global Information Grid (GIG), 489
riages) 137, 151–52, 162–63 Globalization
religious influences in, 378, 382, 384 peer pressure from, 19, 151–52 mass media influences on, 81–82 capitalist, 34, 62, 214, 356–64, 469,
master status of, 102
same-sex parents in, 79, 368, 387–88 racial-ethnic relations among, 261 matriarchy based on, 371 490
sandwich generation in, 92, 390 socialization through, 79, 81, 85, 87 minority status based on, 257, 297 economic, 34, 62, 106, 214, 348–49,
single-parented, 242, 244, 245, 281, Functional analysis. See Functionalism patriarchy based on, 297, 300, 369, 356–64, 469, 490
380, 382, 383, 384–85, 386 Functional illiteracy, 416 sociological implications of, 34
371
size of, 378 (see also Birth rate) Functionalism photo essay related to, 298–99 Global perspectives
social class impacting, 234–35, 239, age and aging under, 323–25 politics and, 302–3, 315, 340–42 aging, 316–20
240, 380–81, 382 birth rate under, 16 cultural diversity, 42, 43, 80, 256
social institution of, 104, 105 deviance and crime under, 168–73 population growth impacted by, 448, education, 403–8
452, 453
socialization through, 78–79, 83–84, education under, 408–10 poverty differences by, 244 emotions, 76
105 marriage and family under, 15–17, 371 gender-based, 292, 293, 297–301
symbolic interactionism on, 13–15, politics and government under, research influenced by, 30, 32 global superclass, 197–98, 361–62
research on, 78–79, 291, 294–95
372–74, 398 343–44, 345 groupthink, global consequences of,
technology impacting, 398–99, 484 racial-ethnic discrimination and preju- sex vs., 291–96 153–54
social class differences by, 239
transitional times in, 381 dice under, 265–66 social institutions fostering gender life expectancy, 321
trends in U.S., 388–90 religion under, 421–22 inequality, 106 marriage and family, 367–71, 374
two-parent, 281, 383, 385, 386 social stratification under, 200–201 socialization relationship to, 75, politics, 476–78
widowhood effect in, 381 social structure under, 99, 104–6 population, 439–46
78–83, 308
Farming and agriculture summary of, 19 sociological perspective on, 2 race-ethnicity, 256, 267–70
gender roles in, 297, 298–99 Fundamentalism, religious, 108, 423 stereotypes of, 81–82, 119, 297, technology, 60–63
plows used in, 349, 455, 475 Furman v. Georgia (1972), 181 world economic systems, 352–56
311, 323