Page 20 - CCFA Journal - Fifth Issue

加中金融 监管 Regulation

信用合作社近年来在充分意识到自己所面临的挑战后， Being fully aware of the challenges, credit unions were
分别在对金融科技和 IT 基础设施方面都增加了投资；同 stepping up investments in Fintech and IT infrastructure in
时，一些合并也在进行中，那些效率较低和规模较小的 recent years as well; Consolidation was also taking place; less
信用合作社正在被较大的信用合作社合并或收购，以此 efficient and smaller credit unions were merged or purchased
来达到经济规模的状态。 by larger one to improve the scale of economy.
How Ontario credit unions are regulated
安大略对信用合作社的监管方式
FSRA has the power to ensure that credit unions manage their
FSRA 有权使得信用合作社以审慎的方式管理和运营，而
我们关注监管是为了了解当前和未来有哪些潜在的风险 operations in a prudent manner. The primary focus of our
和各种可能性将如何影响信用合作社。对于监督方面， prudential regulation and supervision is on understanding how
current and future events and risks may impact credit unions.
信用合作社必须保持足够的流动性和强大的资金储备， As part of this oversight, credit unions are required to maintain
为了减轻意外带来的损失。 adequate liquidity and strong capital reserves to mitigate any

FSRA 的权限 shortfalls and unexpected losses.
FSRA's authority
虽然 FSRA 是尊重信用合作社管理自身事务权利的，但如
果 FSRA 认为存款人资金存在或即将面临风险，FSRA 也 While FSRA respects a credit union’s right to govern its own
有权立即采取行动。作为行业监管者，FSRA 将保留以下 affairs, we also have the authority to take immediate action if
权利： FSRA considers depositor funds are, or would be, at risk. As the
sector regulator, we maintain the right to:
• 定期进行现场检查。
• Conduct regular on-site examinations.
• 通过月度报告和其他信息的收集进行监控。 • Monitor via monthly reporting and other information

• 根据信用合作社的规定发布一些规则令，比如 1994 年 collection.
的信用合作社法案以及其他规则和条例。 • Issue non-compliance orders in accordance with Credit
Unions and Caisses Populaires Act, 1994 (the Act) and
执法活动 other rules and regulations.

FSRA 有权根据立法规定对信用合作社施加存款保险条件 Enforcement activities
或予以行政处罚，其中包括以下权利：
FSRA maintains the right to impose conditions of deposit
• 强加存款保险的条件。 insurance or administrative penalties on credit unions as
outlined in legislation. These powers include the right to:
• 对未能履行规章制度或不合规的行为施加行政处罚。
• Impose conditions of deposit insurance.
• 向法院申请撤销受限方交易。 • Impose administrative penalties for failure to perform or
meet specified requirements.
• 要求与信用合作社董事会举行会议。
• Apply to the court to set aside a restricted party
存款人保障计划 transaction.
• Require a meeting with a credit union’s board of directors.
观察监控
Depositor protection programs
表现出高于正常风险状况的信用合作社将受到更密切的
监控，这涉及到更频繁的报告和检查，以确保积极的监 Watchlist
测并且快速纠正恶化的趋势。 Credit unions that exhibit a higher-than-normal risk profile are
monitored more closely. This involves more frequent reporting
监管层面
and examinations to ensure that any deteriorating trends are
对于某些达到监管指标的信用合作社可能会受到“监 actively monitored and appropriately corrected.
管”。此时 FSRA 会被赋予“监管者”的法定权力，可命 Supervision
令信用合作社董事会纠正其做法或避免从事可能损害信
用合作社等活动。FSRA 会在信用合作社接受监管之前， Credit unions that meet certain risk-based criteria may be
为信用合作社提供及时的纠正，而 FSRA 提供此服务的时 placed under "supervision". The Act provides the "supervisor"
间长短则取决于严重性和纠正措施实施的进度。 statutory authority to order a credit union's board of directors
to correct its practices or refrain from undertaking activities
that may harm the credit union. FSRA follows the practice of
providing credit unions with time to correct identified
deficiencies in their operations prior to being placed under
supervision. The length of time provided is dependent on the
seriousness of the deficiency and the likelihood of corrective
action.

CCFA JOURNAL OF FINANCE October 2021
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