Page 191 - Thai Heritage from Space_ebook

 “ภูมิลักษณ์วัฒนธรรม”
่
มรดกทีจารึกไว้บนแผ่นดิน
 ผืนแผ่นดิน...มรดกถึงลูกหลานไทย

ภาพจากดาวเทียมแสดงบริเวณที่ราบลุ่มนํ้าเจ้าพระยา
สีฟ้าแสดงขอบเขตสภาพนํ้าท่วมขัง
บริเวณที่ราบในปี พ.ศ. 2554
อุตรดิตถ์

พิษณุโลก

กําแพงเพชร
เพชรบูรณ์ he Chao Phraya Plain:
T The central plain

The “Chao Phraya Plain” or
“the central plain” covers an area of
the Chao Phraya River basin, the Pasak River,

นครสวรรค์ the Maeklong and the Bang Pakong
River basins. The plain originates in
Uttaradit Province, the northern area of
Sukhothai Province to the south coast of the
Gulf of Thailand, with a length of about
540 kilometers in north-south direction.
The plain consists of deposits of sediment
from the tertiary period on the earth’s crust
สิงห์บุรี which dropped to a lower level.
This evidence can now be seen from the Gulf
of Thailand which is formed in the shape of a
Thai character “ก” following a land subsidence.
สุพรรณบุรี
A change in the Chao Phraya plain and
พระนครศรีอยุธยา the formation of the Korat plateau by the rise of
sandstone rocks in the great Mesozoic era
occurred at the same time. After the sediment
ปราจีนบุรี
deposition in the tertiary period, there was a
movement in the Earth’s crust in
นครปฐม
กรุงเทพมหานคร a northwest-southeast direction. This caused a
change in Nakhon Sawan Province, resulting
in the splitting of the Chao Phraya plain
into upper and lower parts.
อันดามัน
“The upper Chao Phraya plain”, caused by
อ่าวไทย uplift of the land, is a high area sloping down
in a southeast direction, forming the Boraphet
wetland, and different landform shapes like the
“Kamphaeng Phet alluvial fans” and
“fan-shaped sediment lines”
from the north to the south as well as in the
east of the plain’s edges. The development
of landforms and the integration of
main waterways, such as the Ping,
Wang, Yom and Nan rivers into the
Chao Phraya River caused erosion through the
barrier mound in the south.
“The Lower Chao Phraya plain” is a flooded
area with concave estuaries curved inwards to
Chainat Province. A change in average sea
level and lands in the past resulted in the
development of coastal landforms including
the “Maeklong alluvial fans in the west”,
the “Pasak alluvial fans in the east”,
and the “Dong Khon alluvial fans covering
an area from Sing Buri to Chainat”.

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