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duty given by the former chief, master, and ruler as a heritage. On another hand,
some used the power by usurpation to conquer or holding the place of a leader,

especially in the time of Anglo-Saxon. But in the twentieth-first century,
democratically people prefer admiring rightful leaders by the qualities than

governing them by power.

2.3 The Concepts of Leadership in the West

This section is going to describe the concept of leadership specifically

according to successful western experts in the leadership field, to discover their
theories about a successful leader, and divided into two sectors: part 1: particularly

discusses the principle and necessary of the leadership qualities as Bennis and part
2: will elaborate Maxwell’s ideas about leadership principles and qualities as well.

2.3.1 Bennis’s Leadership Concepts

First, before digging deeper into his theory of leadership concept, Warren G.

Bennis (1925-2014) was an American scholar, a famous author, and organizational
consultant, considered as a pioneer of the contemporary field of leadership studies

known as the father of leadership. He was one of the youngest infantry officers and was
awarded the Purple Heart and Bronze Star. He has written over 30 books about

leadership and translated them into many languages. And many business executives

around the world taken his management idea on leadership. So, he said, “Leaders
wonder about everything, want to learn as much as they can, are willing to take risks,

experiment, try new things, they do not worry about failure but embrace errors,
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knowing they will learn from them.” Mistake leads them to a better stage on becoming
a successful leader.

2.3.1.1 Background of the Concepts of Leadership

“Leadership” is a word on everyone’s lips. The young attack it and the old

grow wistful for it. Parents have lost it and police seek it. Experts claim it and artists

spurn it, while scholars want it. Leadership is necessary to help organizations develop

31 Origin Learning, The Father of Leadership, viewed January 24, 2021,
<https://blog.originlearning.com/the-father-of-leadership-warren-g-bennis/>.