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少 shào (SV) young (Cognate with shăo: (SV) few)

Note: zǐ 子 (“son”) here refers to other sons of Duke Xìan

家 jia (N) household, home

國家 gúojia: (N) the state

多 duo *(SV) to be many, to be plentiful with . . .

難 nàn (N) troubles, dangers, hardship [N.B.: cognate with nán: (SV) difficult]

圖 tú (V) to plan, to plan on behalf of

Note: Some time before, Hú Tú had decided to withdraw from
service to the ducal house.

茍 gǒu *(Adv) if, truly; (Adj/SV) illicit, improper

賜 sì (V) to bestow, to make a gift

受賜 shòu sì: (V-O) literally: to receive a gift; use as a polite
phrase to indicate gratitude (“ . . . would be very grateful . . .”)

再 zài (Adv) twice, repeatedly

稽 qǐ (V - special use) to knock [the head]; (N.B.: [independent usage] ji:
investigate, plan)

首 shǒu (N) the head

稽首 qǐshǒu: to knock the head on the ground; to perform a kowtow

乃 năi (Conj) subsequently [linking two verbal phrases]; much like ér 而, but
with a greater sense of time succession; (Pronoun) you; (Copula) to be
[used for emphasis, conveying sense of “is precisely,” much like jí 即]

卒 zú (V) to die [here, to commit suicide]

是以 shì yǐ (CV phrase) an inversion of yǐ shì 以是: on account of this

為 wéi *(V) to be [here, to be referred to by the term (see Grammar 6.5)]

恭 gong (SV) reverent