Page 135 - phytochemistry I - PharmD Clinical

certain molds (Aspergillus) which grow in soil, decaying vegetation,
hay, and grains.
• They are regularly found in improperly stored grains, chili
peppers, corn, peanuts, rice, sesame seeds, sorghum, sunflower
seeds, tree nuts, wheat. When contaminated food is processed,
aflatoxins enter the general food supply. Animals fed contaminated
food can pass aflatoxin transformation products into eggs, milk
products, and meat.

Aflatoxin screening test:

1. Blacklight tests
The blacklight (also called ultraviolet light) test is a visual inspection
for the presence of a greenish gold fluorescence under light at
a wavelength of 365 nm.
More than four glowing particles per 5-pound sample (before
grinding) indicate a likelihood of a +20 ppb (parts per billion) level of
aflatoxins.

2. Commercial test kits with immunoassay or ELISA techniques
Immunoassay analysis is based on the detection of specific proteins
found in aflatoxins using antibodies to identify these proteins.

These tests are very specific for aflatoxin with operator training and
practice.

Flavonoids

Flavone glycosides are a class of glycosides in which the aglycone has
a flavonoidal structure. They comprise a structurally uniform group, as
they are all derived from the same parent nucleus, 2-phenyl-benzopyran
(Flavan), thus they have a basic C15 skeleton.

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