Page 76 - Technology Roadmap Transportation

TECHNOLOGY VISION 2035

Current emission norms in
India are given in figure 4.8
FIG 4.8
EMISSION NORMS
Enforcement of uniform
BS4
BS1
emission norms throughout BS1 FOR HEAVY COMMERCIAL BS4
VEHICLES IN INDIA [6]
India will be possible only
after 1 April 2017. Currently
st
metro cities have emission
norms, which are at a level BS2 BS3
BS2
BS3
higher than the rest of the
country. On-road vehicle
emission control should be
affected by strengthening
the PUC system. Fuel quality 1998 2000 2005 2010
also affects the emissions
therefore effective fuel
quality measures need to
be taken. Enforcement of
CO
emission control devices 4.9 4.0 (g/kWh) 2.1 1.5
such as TWC, DPF, SCR
and DOC on vehicles is
required to curb vehicular
pollution. Research should
be undertaken to develop
superior catalysts, which are
NOX
tolerant to high sulphur Indian 9.0 7.0 (g/kWh) 5.0 3.5
fuel. Fuel economy standards
need to be introduced along
with measures for reducing
CO emissions. Efforts for
2
improving fuel economy of
fleets should be encouraged. HC
Inspection and maintenance 1.23 1.1 (g/kWh) 0.66 0.46
regime should be introduced
for all vehicles to ensure good
emission performance of all
vehicles.

4.10 EMISSION ROADMAP PM
Emission of vehicles while 0.40 0.15 (g/kWh) 0.1 0.02
operating in the field is largely
dependent upon the quality
of fuel, average speed of
operation and the health of
the vehicle depending upon 4.9). If most countries adopted European
the maintenance practices followed by the standards, there would be a major drop in
operator. Nitrogen oxide (NO ), Black Carbon (BC), and
X
Sulfur Dioxide (SO ) levels. European standards
2
The comparison of emission norms for major further reduced fuel sulphur levels for gasoline
countries is given in figure 4.9. According to a and diesel to a maximum of 10 ppm in 2009
report issued by NASA Earth Center, current which significantly affects SO emissions. India
2
trends suggest emissions will drop slightly is expected to follow the EU roadmap and
around 2020 and then grow quickly as the introduce Euro-V and Euro-VI emissions in the
number of cars on the road increase (figure country in near future.

74 ROADWAYS