Page 486 - Book 1
P. 486

√«¡º≈ß“π∑“ß«‘™“°“√¢Õß»“ μ√“®“√¬å®‘μμ‘ μ‘ß»¿—∑‘¬å                 463




                 of Parliament, and no official of any Government Department, has any right

                 whatever to direct or to influence or to interfere with the decisions of any
                 of the judges. It is the sure knowledge of this that gives the people their

                 confidence in the judges.) ¢âÕæ‘ Ÿ®πå«à“ª√–™“™π®–¡’À√◊Õ‰¡à¡’§«“¡‡™◊ËÕ∂◊Õ‰«â«“ß„®
                 °Á§◊Õ ºŸâæ‘æ“°…“®–μâÕ߇ªìπÕ‘ √–®“°Õ‘∑∏‘æ≈¢ÕßΩÉ“¬∫√‘À“√ (The critical test which

                 they must pass if they are to receive the confidence of the people is that
                 they must be independent of the executive)é

                        ∑—Èßπ’ȰÁ‡æ√“–Õ‘ √–¢ÕߺŸâæ‘æ“°…“‰¡à„™à¡’‰¥â‡æ√“–μ—«Àπ—ß ◊Õ‡¢’¬π‰«â„π√—∞∏√√¡πŸ≠

                 À√◊Õ„π°ÆÀ¡“¬«‘∏’æ‘®“√≥“ ·μà®–¡’‰¥â®√‘ßμ“¡μ—«Àπ—ß ◊Õπ—Èπ°Á‡æ√“–¡’À≈—°ª√–°—π
                 ´÷Ëߪ√–™“™π‡¢“®–„™â‡ªìπÀ≈—°æ‘ Ÿ®πå«à“ ‡¢“§«√®–„Àâ§«“¡‰«â„®„πºŸâæ‘æ“°…“‰¥âÀ√◊Õ‰¡à

                 ¥—ß∑’ˉ¥â¥—¥·ª≈ß≈߉«âπ’È

                        À≈—°‡√◊ËÕßÕ‘ √–¢ÕߺŸâæ‘æ“°…“‡™àπ«à“π’ȉ¡à„™à¢Õß„À¡à„π‡¡◊Õ߉∑¬ ‰¡à„™à‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ë

                 æ«°‡√“§‘¥Ωíπ‰ªμ“¡∑’Ë‚≈°π‘¬¡ ‰¡à„™à«à“‡æ‘Ëß®–¡’¢÷Èπ„π«ß°“√»“≈‰∑¬‡¡◊ËÕ ¡—¬
                 √—∞∏√√¡πŸ≠ª√–™“∏‘ª‰μ¬¢Õ߇√“‡¡◊ËÕÚ ªï‡»…¡“π’È „π‡¡◊Õ߉∑¬‰¡à„™à‡æ‘Ëß®–¡’¢÷ÈπÀ≈—ß®“°

                 ∑’Ë Montesquieu ‰¥â°≈à“«‰«âÕ—π‡ªìπ¡Ÿ≈∑’Ë¡“¢Õß°“√·∫àß·¬°Õ”π“®¢Õߪ√–‡∑»μà“ßÊ „π
                 ¬ÿ‚√ª‡¡◊ËÕª√–¡“≥ Ú ªï¡“π’È §«“¡®√‘ßπ—ÈπÀ≈—°π’È¡’™—¥·®âßÕ¬Ÿà·≈â«„π∫∑ çæ√–∏√√¡»“ μ√åé

                 Õ—π‡ªìπ°ÆÀ¡“¬‡°à“¥—È߇¥‘¡∑’ˉ∑¬√—∫¡“®“°‡æ◊ËÕπ∫â“π¢Õ߇√“μ—Èß·μà‚∫√“≥ ‡ªìπ
                 «—≤π∏√√¡‡¥‘¡Õ—π§«√¿Ÿ¡‘„®Õ¬à“߬‘ËߢÕ߇√“ „π∫∑æ√–∏√√¡»“ μ√å´÷Ë߇ ¥Á®„π°√¡À¡◊Ëπ

                 π√“∏‘ªæß»åª√–æ—π∏剥â∑√ßÕâ“ß∂÷ß«à“ æ√–√“™“«‘π‘®©—¬Õ√√∂§¥’‚¥¬æ‘®“√≥“  ç‡∑»°“≈
                 ∫â“π‡¡◊Õßé °àÕππ—Èπ‡Õß „πμÕπμàÕ‰ª —°ÀπàÕ¬®–æ∫∫∑∫—≠≠—μ‘°≈à“«∂÷ß≈—°…≥–¢Õß

                 ç°√–≈“°“√é ‰«â«à“  çÕ—π«à“‡Àμÿ·Ààß°√–≈“°“√∑—ÈßÀ≈“¬ ÚÙ ª√–°“√ Õ—π¡‚π “√“®“√¬å
                  ”·¥ß‰«â¥—Ëßπ’È œ≈œ μ‘Õ‘  ‚√ §◊Õ‡ªìπÕ‘»√¿“æ„π§«“¡¡’ “¡ª√–°“√ œ≈œ §◊Õ°√–≈“°“√

                 μ—Èßμπ„À⇪ìπÕ‘»√¿“æ Ò §◊Õ‡Õ“μ—«‚®∑®”‡≈¬‡ªìπÕ‘»√¿“æ„π§¥’ Ò§◊Õ„Àâøí߇Փ·μà
                                                          (Ò)
                 ∂âÕ¬§” ”π«π‚®∑®”‡≈¬‡ªìπÕ‘»√¿“æ„π§¥’ Òé  ¥—Ëßπ’È∑à“π§ß¿Ÿ¡‘„®„π«—≤π∏√√¡∑“ß°“√

                 »“≈¢Õ߇√“«à“¡’À≈—°Õ—π‡ªìπ “°≈π‘¬¡¡“μ—Èß·μà‚∫√“≥°“≈ ·≈–‡ªìπ∑’Ëπà“¬‘π¥’«à“À≈—°π—Èπ
                 °Á¬—߇ªìπ∑’ˬ◊π¬—πÕ¬Ÿà„π‡«≈“π’È ∑—È߇ªìπ∑’ˇ™◊ËÕ‰¥â«à“§ß‰¡à¡’„§√§‘¥∑”≈“¬«—≤π∏√√¡Õ—π¥’¬‘Ëßπ’È



                 (Ò)
                   §—¥®“°°ÆÀ¡“¬μ√“ “¡¥«ß©∫—∫¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬∏√√¡»“ μ√åœ ®—¥æ‘¡æå‚¥¬ ¥√. ·≈ß°“μå ‡≈à¡ Ò
                   Àπâ“ Ò˘ §—¥μ√ßμ“¡μ—«Õ—°…√
   481   482   483   484   485   486   487   488   489   490   491